Question
Which of the following are regulated by Sympathetic Nervous System ?
(a) Dilation of pupils
(b) Decreased activity of Adrenal Gland
(c) Digestion is stimulated
(d) Increased Heart Rate
(e) Dryness in mouth
Code :
The correct answer is
(a), (d) and (e) only
Sympathetic Nervous System Functions
The Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is a part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the "fight-or-flight" response. It prepares the body for intense physical activity. Let's analyze the given options:
- (a) Dilation of pupils: The SNS stimulates the radial muscles of the iris, causing pupils to dilate (mydriasis). This allows more light to enter the eye, improving vision during stress or darkness.
- (b) Decreased activity of Adrenal Gland: The SNS directly stimulates the adrenal medulla to release hormones like adrenaline, *increasing* its activity, not decreasing it.
- (c) Digestion is stimulated: The SNS generally inhibits digestion by reducing blood flow to the digestive organs and decreasing secretions and motility. Parasympathetic stimulation promotes digestion.
- (d) Increased Heart Rate: The SNS releases neurotransmitters that bind to receptors on the heart, increasing heart rate and contractility to pump more blood.
- (e) Dryness in mouth: SNS activation inhibits salivary gland secretion, leading to a dry mouth, often experienced during stress or fear.
Conclusion
Based on the analysis, the functions regulated by the Sympathetic Nervous System are:
- (a) Dilation of pupils
- (d) Increased Heart Rate
- (e) Dryness in mouth
Therefore, the correct option includes (a), (d), and (e).
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Important Questions from Nervous system
- Read each of the following two statements - Assertion (A) and Reason (R); and indicate your answer using code given below :
Assertion (A) : Increase in synaptic strength is due to the simultaneous stimulation of pre - synaptic and post - synaptic neurons.
Reason (R) : Long term Potentiation can be induced in the laboratory by stimulating the pre - synaptic neurons with pulses of high frequency of electricity for few seconds.
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