Which effect is found only with recall and not with recognition tasks ?
State-dependent memory effect
State-dependent memory is the finding that retrieval is better when the person’s internal physiological state at test matches the state at encoding – for example, material learned under alcohol or marijuana is recalled better when the person is again in that drug state (Goodwin et al., 1969; Eich, 1980).
Eich’s review showed that this effect is robust in free recall but weak or absent in recognition. In recognition, the test item itself is a strong retrieval cue that “outshines” the weaker internal state cue, so matching the state adds little; in free recall, few external cues are present and the internal state becomes an important cue.
The spacing effect (distributed practice beats massed practice) and the cue-overload effect (a cue loses power as more items are tied to it) appear in recognition as well as recall.
Hence, the answer is State-dependent memory effect.
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