Understanding Household Expenditure Calculation

This question requires us to calculate the specific amount spent on a particular budget head, 'Food', in the year 2020, based on the percentage distribution of household expenditure and the total income for that year.

Analyzing the Provided Data

We are given a table showing the percentage distribution of household expenditure across different budget heads for two years, 2020 and 2021. We are also given the total income for each of these years. To find the amount spent on a specific budget head, we need to use the percentage for that head and the total income (which represents the total expenditure in this context, assuming all income is spent or we are interested in expenditure relative to income).

From the table and the question text, we extract the following relevant data for the year 2020:

• Budget Head: Food
• Percentage expenditure on Food in 2020: 19%
• Total Income (and assumed total expenditure) in 2020: Rs. 50000

Calculating Expenditure on Food in 2020

The amount spent on 'Food' in 2020 can be calculated by taking the percentage allocated to Food expenditure in 2020 and applying it to the total income (total expenditure) of the family in 2020.

The formula to calculate the amount spent on a budget head is:

Amount Spent = (Percentage Expenditure on Budget Head / 100) × Total Income

Let's apply this formula for Food expenditure in 2020:

Amount Spent on Food in 2020 = \(\frac{\text{Percentage Expenditure on Food in 2020}}{100} \times \text{Total Income in 2020}\)

Amount Spent on Food in 2020 = \(\frac{19}{100} \times 50000\)

Step-by-Step Calculation

Now, we perform the calculation:

1. Start with the fraction representing the percentage: \(\frac{19}{100}\)
2. Multiply this fraction by the total income for 2020: \(\frac{19}{100} \times 50000\)
3. Simplify the expression: \(\frac{19}{\cancel{100}} \times 500\cancel{00} = 19 \times 500\)
4. Calculate the final product: \(19 \times 500 = 9500\)

So, the total amount spent on food in 2020 was Rs. 9500.

Verification with Options

Let's compare our calculated amount with the given options:

• Rs. 9000
• Rs. 9500
• Rs. 10000
• Rs. 10500

Our calculated amount, Rs. 9500, matches one of the options.

Conclusion on Food Expenditure

Based on the data provided and our calculation, the total amount spent on food by the family in 2020 was Rs. 9500.

Revision Table: Key Data Points

Additional Information: Understanding Percentage Expenditure

Percentage expenditure helps in understanding how a total budget is allocated among different categories. It provides a relative view of spending habits. To find the actual amount spent on a category when the total amount is known, you multiply the total amount by the percentage allocated to that category and divide by 100. This method is fundamental in data interpretation problems involving percentages and totals.

For instance, if you know 10% of a Rs. 1000 budget is spent on travel, the amount is \(\frac{10}{100} \times 1000 = 100\).

In this problem, the total income is used as the base amount to calculate the absolute expenditure on each head, assuming the total income represents the total available fund for expenditure or saving, and the percentages are applied to this total.