Understanding HIV and TB Reactivation Risk
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection critically weakens the body's immune system. This compromised immunity significantly increases the probability that a latent (inactive) tuberculosis (TB) infection can become active and cause disease.
Key Factor: HIV-induced immunosuppression elevates the risk.
Quantifying the Reactivation Risk
In patients with HIV infection, the risk of latent TB reactivating into active TB is substantially higher than in the general population.
The estimated lifetime risk for reactivation in individuals with HIV is approximately $7\% - 10\%$.
This heightened risk highlights the critical need for integrated management of HIV and TB.
Important Questions from Tuberculosis
Which of the following investigations may be used for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis?
1. Nucleic acid amplification
2. Culture in Middlebrook medium
3. Light emitting diode fluorescent microscopy with auramine staining
4. Peripheral blood smear
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- Recommended first time drug for initial treatment of tuberculosis include all EXCEPT:
The most frequent adverse reaction of significance among people treated for drug-susceptible tuberculosis is:
All adult patients in whom anti-tubercular treatment is being started should undergo baseline assessment of:
- The extrapulmonary sites most commonly involved in tuberculosis are all EXCEPT:
