Consider the following table that presents the details about the percentage distribution of household expenditure of a family on various budget heads during the years 2020 and 2021. The total income of the family in the years 2020 and 2021 was Rs. 50000 and Rs. 75000, respectively. Based on the data in the table, answer the five questions that follow: Budget Head wise Distribution of Expenditure Year → Budget Head ↓2020 2021 Entertainment 11% 9% Health 5% 6% Clothing 25% 25% Food 19% 21% Travel 34% 24% Others 6% 15%
What is the difference in the amount of money spent on Entertainment and Food together during the years 2020 and 2021?
Rs. 7500
The question asks for the difference in the amount of money spent on Entertainment and Food together between the years 2020 and 2021. To find this, we first need to calculate the total expenditure on these two budget heads for each year and then find the difference.
| Year → | 2020 | 2021 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Budget Head ↓ | Percentage | Amount (Rs.) | Percentage | Amount (Rs.) |
| Entertainment | 11% | 9% | ||
| Health | 5% | 6% | ||
| Clothing | 25% | 25% | ||
| Food | 19% | 21% | ||
| Travel | 34% | 24% | ||
| Others | 6% | 15% | ||
| Total Income | 50000 | 75000 | ||
Calculating Expenditure in 2020 on Entertainment and Food
In 2020, the total income of the family was Rs. 50000.
- Expenditure on Entertainment in 2020 = 11% of Rs. 50000
- Expenditure on Food in 2020 = 19% of Rs. 50000
The total percentage spent on Entertainment and Food in 2020 is the sum of their individual percentages:
Total percentage (Entertainment + Food) in 2020 = 11% + 19% = 30%
Now, we calculate the amount spent:
Amount spent (Entertainment + Food) in 2020 = 30% of Rs. 50000
Amount spent in 2020 = $\frac{30}{100} \times 50000 = 30 \times 500 = 15000$
So, Rs. 15000 was spent on Entertainment and Food together in 2020.
Calculating Expenditure in 2021 on Entertainment and Food
In 2021, the total income of the family was Rs. 75000.
- Expenditure on Entertainment in 2021 = 9% of Rs. 75000
- Expenditure on Food in 2021 = 21% of Rs. 75000
The total percentage spent on Entertainment and Food in 2021 is the sum of their individual percentages:
Total percentage (Entertainment + Food) in 2021 = 9% + 21% = 30%
Now, we calculate the amount spent:
Amount spent (Entertainment + Food) in 2021 = 30% of Rs. 75000
Amount spent in 2021 = $\frac{30}{100} \times 75000 = 30 \times 750 = 22500$
So, Rs. 22500 was spent on Entertainment and Food together in 2021.
Finding the Difference in Expenditure
The difference in the amount spent on Entertainment and Food together between 2020 and 2021 is the expenditure in 2021 minus the expenditure in 2020.
Difference = Amount spent in 2021 - Amount spent in 2020
Difference = Rs. 22500 - Rs. 15000
Difference = Rs. 7500
Therefore, the difference in the amount of money spent on Entertainment and Food together during the years 2020 and 2021 is Rs. 7500.
Revision Table: Key Calculations
| Year | Total Income (Rs.) | % on Entertainment | % on Food | Total % on Entertainment & Food | Amount on Entertainment & Food (Rs.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 50000 | 11% | 19% | 30% | $\frac{30}{100} \times 50000 = 15000$ |
| 2021 | 75000 | 9% | 21% | 30% | $\frac{30}{100} \times 75000 = 22500$ |
Difference = 22500 - 15000 = 7500
Additional Information: Understanding Percentage Expenditure
Percentage expenditure tells us what proportion of the total income or budget is allocated to a specific category. Even if the percentage allocated to a category changes from year to year, or stays the same, the actual amount spent depends entirely on the total income or budget for that year. A higher income with a lower percentage allocation can still result in a higher absolute amount spent compared to a lower income with a higher percentage allocation.
In this problem, the percentage spent on Entertainment and Food combined was the same (30%) in both years (2020 and 2021). However, since the total income increased from Rs. 50000 to Rs. 75000, the absolute amount spent also increased proportionally.
- 30% of Rs. 50000 = Rs. 15000
- 30% of Rs. 75000 = Rs. 22500
This illustrates how changes in total income affect absolute expenditure even when percentage allocations remain constant or change.
Important Questions from Tabulation
The table shows District-wise data of a number of primary school teachers posted in schools of a city.
Study the table and answer the question:
District
Male teachers
Female teachers
East
1650
2375
North
1075
2651
West
1280
1520
South
1170
1085
Central
690
859
What is the difference between the total number of male teachers in the districts East, North, West taken together and the total number of female teachers in the districts East and South?Table shows income (in Rs. ) received by 4 employees of a company during the month of December 2020 and all their income sources.
Source
Amit
Suresh
Nitin
Varun
Salary
35000
38500
29000
42000
Arrears
6000
6300
5000
7500
Bonus
1000
1100
1000
1240
Overtime
1800
1950
1400
1500
What is the ratio of salary of Varun to his income other than salary?Study the table and answer the question:
Income (Rs.)
No. of persons
Less than 200
12
Less than 250
26
Less than 300
34
Less than 350
40
Less than 400
50
What is the percentage of persons earning Rs. 250 or more?The following table shows the annual profit of a company (in Rs. lakh).
2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-0217
2017-2018
2018-2019
625
690
725
775
815
The period which has the maximum percentage increase in profit over the previous year is:
The table given below shows the number of persons participating in a survey from 6 different states.
States Persons S1 100 S2 200 S3 400 S4 500 S5 600 S6 800 What is the ratio of number of person participating in a survey from state S3 to the number of person participating in a survey from state S4?
