Meaning of 'Dwija': Understanding the Term

The question asks for the meaning implied by the word 'dwija'. Let's break down this term.

Etymology and Literal Meaning

'Dwija' is a Sanskrit word derived from two components:

• Dvi: Meaning 'twice' or 'two'.
• Ja: Meaning 'born'.

Therefore, the literal translation of 'dwija' is 'twice-born'.

The Concept of 'Twice-Born'

In many Hindu traditions, the term 'dwija' refers to members of the three upper varnas (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas) who undergo a specific ritual known as the Upanayana ceremony. This ceremony typically occurs in childhood or adolescence.

During the Upanayana, the individual receives a sacred thread (Yajnopavita) and is initiated into Vedic learning. This event marks a spiritual rebirth, signifying a transition from childhood dependence to a new life of religious responsibility and education. Hence, they are considered 'twice-born' – once physically through their parents, and again spiritually through this initiation rite.

Analyzing the Options

Let's look at why the other options are not the correct implication of 'dwija':

• Double standards: This refers to applying different principles or rules to similar situations, which has no relation to the meaning of 'dwija'.
• Jajmani system: This is a traditional socio-economic system in India where patrons (Jajmans) provide donations (like food grains) to artisans and priests in return for their services. It's a system of exchange, not a personal status like 'dwija'.
• Prejudice: This means preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or experience. It is unrelated to the meaning of 'dwija'.

The term 'dwija' specifically points to the concept of being reborn or initiated into a new life stage, most commonly associated with the spiritual rebirth signified by the Upanayana ceremony, hence the meaning 'Twice-born'.