Generalia Defined in Library Classification

In library science, classification systems aim to organize knowledge systematically. When organizing vast collections of books and documents, libraries use systems like the Dewey Decimal Classification or the Library of Congress Classification. These systems create main classes or categories for different subjects. However, sometimes materials don't fit neatly into just one category. This is where the concept of 'Generalia' comes into play.

Understanding the Generalia Class

The term Generalia refers to a specific class within some library classification systems. It is typically used for works that:

• Deal with subjects of a general nature that cannot be easily classified under a single specific discipline.
• Cover topics that span across multiple subject areas.
• Are bibliographies or encyclopedias covering knowledge in general.

Essentially, it's a place for items that are too broad or interdisciplinary for a more specific subject classification.

Analysis of Options

Let's examine the given options in the context of the definition of Generalia:

• Option 1: literature dealing with universal history

  While universal history might seem general, it's often classified under 'History' (like 900s in Dewey) rather than a catch-all 'Generalia' category. This option is too specific to history.

• Option 2: works that cannot logically be assigned to a single class

  This option perfectly aligns with the purpose of the Generalia class. It serves as a 'remainder' category for items that are inherently interdisciplinary or too general to fit into one specific subject slot.

• Option 3: the philosophical basis of all sciences

  Works on the philosophy of science are typically classified under Philosophy (like 100s in Dewey) or sometimes under specific sciences depending on the focus. It doesn't represent the broad, multi-disciplinary nature of Generalia.

• Option 4: books dealing with applied science and practical arts

  Applied science and practical arts form specific subject areas (like 600s in Dewey). Books belonging to these fields would be classified within their respective subject areas, not in Generalia.

Conclusion

Based on the analysis, the most accurate definition of Generalia within the order of main classes is for those works that logically resist assignment to a single, specific subject class due to their broad or interdisciplinary scope.