Understanding the Works Committee's Role Under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947

The question asks about the specific function of the "Works Committee" as defined under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The provided text emphasizes looking at the actual words used in statutory provisions for objective meaning, rather than subjective interpretations. Let's analyze the options based on the established role of a Works Committee in Indian labour law.

Analyzing the Functions of the Works Committee

The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, provides for the constitution of Works Committees in industrial establishments employing 100 or more workmen. Their primary objective is to facilitate dialogue and cooperation between employers and employees.

Evaluating the Options:

• Option 1: This option suggests the Works Committee is formed by the central government to address wage disputes in public sector industries. This is incorrect. Works Committees are typically constituted by the employer, and their scope is broader than just wage disputes, nor are they exclusively for public sector industries. Adjudication of wage disputes usually falls under other mechanisms.
• Option 2: This option describes the Works Committee as a "grievance redressal body constituted by the employer, primarily to promote measures for securing and preserving amity and good relations between the employer and employee." This accurately reflects the core purpose. Works Committees act as a platform for discussion on matters of mutual interest, aiming to resolve issues at the earliest stage and maintain industrial harmony. They are constituted by the employer after consultation with employees.
• Option 3: This option states the Works Committee makes binding decisions on industrial disputes related to layoffs, retrenchment, and closure. This is incorrect. Works Committees do not have the power to make binding decisions on such significant disputes. Such matters are usually handled by tribunals or labour courts.
• Option 4: This option suggests the Works Committee adjudicates major industrial disputes regarding wages, bonus, or retrenchment. This is also incorrect. Adjudication is the function of formal legal bodies like Labour Courts or Industrial Tribunals, not Works Committees, which focus on preventive and cooperative measures.

Conclusion on Works Committee Function

Based on the analysis, the Works Committee serves as a crucial body for fostering positive employer-employee relationships. Its main role is indeed preventative and promotional, aiming to secure and maintain amity and good relations by providing a forum for discussion and resolving potential conflicts before they escalate into formal disputes.