Three statements are followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. You have to consider these statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the given statement. Statements: All lamps are lanterns. All lanterns are torches. All torches are candles. Conclusions: (I) Some candles are lamps (II) All lanterns are lamps (III) No lantern is a lamp
This is a syllogism question. Let's analyze the given statements and conclusions:
Statements:
- All lamps are lanterns.
- All lanterns are torches.
- All torches are candles.
We can represent these statements using Venn diagrams:
Imagine three circles representing lamps, lanterns, and torches. The 'lamps' circle is entirely inside the 'lanterns' circle. The 'lanterns' circle is entirely inside the 'torches' circle. The 'torches' circle is entirely inside the 'candles' circle.
Conclusions:
- (I) Some candles are lamps
- (II) All lanterns are lamps
- (III) No lantern is a lamp
Analysis of Conclusions:
- Conclusion I: This is TRUE. Since all lamps are lanterns, and all lanterns are torches, and all torches are candles, it follows that some candles are lamps. The smallest circle (lamps) is entirely within the largest circle (candles).
- Conclusion II: This is FALSE. The statement "All lanterns are torches" does not imply that all lanterns are lamps. The lamps circle is a subset of the lanterns circle, not the other way around.
- Conclusion III: This is FALSE. This contradicts the first statement "All lamps are lanterns".
Therefore, only conclusion I follows logically from the given statements.
Why other options are incorrect:
- Option 2: Incorrect because only Conclusion I is true.
- Option 3: Correct. Only Conclusion I follows.
- Option 4: Incorrect because Conclusion I follows.
Final Answer: Only conclusion I follows
Important Questions from Syllogism
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All dancers are talented.
Some girls are dancers.
Conclusions:
I. Some girls are talented.
II. All talented are girls.
III. All girls are talented.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All directors are actors.
No actor is a producer.
All choreographers are directors.
Conclusions:
I. No choreographer is producer.
II. Some actors are choreographers.
III. No director is a producer.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the statements.
Statements:
All lemons are plums.
All plums are dates.
Some dates are mangoes.
Conclusions:
I. Some lemons are mangoes.
II. Some mangoes are plums.
III. All lemons are dates.
IV. Some mangoes are dates.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some cards are postcards.
Some cards are envelopes.
All envelopes are copies.
Conclusions:
I. Some copies are envelopes.
II. Some postcards are copies.
III. Some cards are copies.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All employees are tax-payers.
Some employees are farmers.
Some farmers are doctors.
Conclusions:
I. No farmer is a tax-payer.
II. Some farmers are tax-payers.
