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Question

The value of $1 + (\frac{1}{2^1} + \frac{1}{3}) + (\frac{1}{2^2} + \frac{1}{5} + \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{7}) + ... + (\frac{1}{2^9} + ... + \frac{1}{1023})$ lies between

The correct answer is
2 and 10

Series Identification

The given series is structured in groups. Let's identify the pattern:

  • The first term is $1$.
  • The second group sums terms starting from $1/2^1$ up to $1/3$. Note that $3 = 2^2 - 1$.
  • The third group sums terms starting from $1/2^2$ up to $1/7$. Note that $7 = 2^3 - 1$.
  • The last group starts with $1/2^9$ and ends with $1/1023$. Note that $1023 = 2^{10} - 1$.

This pattern indicates that the series represents the sum of reciprocals of integers from $1$ up to $1023$.

The series can be expressed as:

$ S = \sum_{k=0}^{9} \left( \sum_{j=2^k}^{2^{k+1}-1} \frac{1}{j} \right) $

This is equivalent to the 1023rd harmonic number, $H_{1023}$.

$ S = H_{1023} = \sum_{n=1}^{1023} \frac{1}{n} $

Harmonic Series Value Approximation

The value of the harmonic series $H_n$ can be approximated using the formula:

$ H_n \approx \ln(n) + \gamma $

Here, $\(\ln\)$ denotes the natural logarithm, and $\(\gamma\)$ (the Euler-Mascheroni constant) is approximately $0.577$.

For $n = 1023$:

$ H_{1023} \approx \ln(1023) + \gamma $

Since $1023$ is very close to $1024 = 2^{10}$, we can approximate $\(\ln(1023)\)$:

$ \ln(1023) \approx \ln(1024) = \ln(2^{10}) = 10 \times \ln(2) $

Using the approximate value $\(\ln(2) \approx 0.693\)$:

$ 10 \times \ln(2) \approx 10 \times 0.693 = 6.93 $

A more precise calculation gives $\(\ln(1023) \approx 6.931\)$.

Therefore, the approximate value of the series is:

$ H_{1023} \approx 6.931 + 0.577 \approx 7.508 $

Range Determination

The approximate value of the series is $7.508$.

We check which interval contains this value:

  • The interval [2, 10] contains 7.508.
  • The interval [11, 20] does not contain 7.508.
  • The interval [21, 30] does not contain 7.508.
  • The interval [31, 40] does not contain 7.508.

The value $7.508$ lies between $2$ and $10$.

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Important Questions from Progression (Notes)

  1. The $5^{\text{th}}$ and $9^{\text{th}}$ terms of an arithmetic progression are 7 and 13 respectively. What is the $15^{\text{th}}$ term?
  2. Find the sum of the G.P.:
    $5/11, 5/121, 5/1331, 5/14641, ...$ to $n$ terms.
  3. What would be the $178^{\text{th}}$ term in the following series?
    2, 5, 8, 11, 14, ...
  4. What is the common difference of the following A.P. series?
    7, 19, 31, 43, ...
  5. The $5^{\text{th}}$ and the $17^{\text{th}}$ terms of an A. P. series are 52 and 184 respectively. Find the common difference of the series.
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