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Question

The value of $1 + (\frac{1}{2^1} + \frac{1}{3}) + (\frac{1}{2^2} + \frac{1}{5} + \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{7}) + ... + (\frac{1}{2^9} + ... + \frac{1}{1023})$ lies between

The correct answer is
2 and 10

Series Identification

The given series is structured in groups. Let's identify the pattern:

  • The first term is $1$.
  • The second group sums terms starting from $1/2^1$ up to $1/3$. Note that $3 = 2^2 - 1$.
  • The third group sums terms starting from $1/2^2$ up to $1/7$. Note that $7 = 2^3 - 1$.
  • The last group starts with $1/2^9$ and ends with $1/1023$. Note that $1023 = 2^{10} - 1$.

This pattern indicates that the series represents the sum of reciprocals of integers from $1$ up to $1023$.

The series can be expressed as:

$ S = \sum_{k=0}^{9} \left( \sum_{j=2^k}^{2^{k+1}-1} \frac{1}{j} \right) $

This is equivalent to the 1023rd harmonic number, $H_{1023}$.

$ S = H_{1023} = \sum_{n=1}^{1023} \frac{1}{n} $

Harmonic Series Value Approximation

The value of the harmonic series $H_n$ can be approximated using the formula:

$ H_n \approx \ln(n) + \gamma $

Here, $\(\ln\)$ denotes the natural logarithm, and $\(\gamma\)$ (the Euler-Mascheroni constant) is approximately $0.577$.

For $n = 1023$:

$ H_{1023} \approx \ln(1023) + \gamma $

Since $1023$ is very close to $1024 = 2^{10}$, we can approximate $\(\ln(1023)\)$:

$ \ln(1023) \approx \ln(1024) = \ln(2^{10}) = 10 \times \ln(2) $

Using the approximate value $\(\ln(2) \approx 0.693\)$:

$ 10 \times \ln(2) \approx 10 \times 0.693 = 6.93 $

A more precise calculation gives $\(\ln(1023) \approx 6.931\)$.

Therefore, the approximate value of the series is:

$ H_{1023} \approx 6.931 + 0.577 \approx 7.508 $

Range Determination

The approximate value of the series is $7.508$.

We check which interval contains this value:

  • The interval [2, 10] contains 7.508.
  • The interval [11, 20] does not contain 7.508.
  • The interval [21, 30] does not contain 7.508.
  • The interval [31, 40] does not contain 7.508.

The value $7.508$ lies between $2$ and $10$.

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Important Questions from Progression (Notes)

  1. The sum of 16 terms of the series $\sqrt{2} + \sqrt{8} + \sqrt{18} + \sqrt{32} + .....$ is :
  2. The $5^{\text{th}}$ and $9^{\text{th}}$ terms of an arithmetic progression are 7 and 13 respectively. What is the $15^{\text{th}}$ term?
  3. Find the sum of the G.P.:
    $5/11, 5/121, 5/1331, 5/14641, ...$ to $n$ terms.
  4. A ball is dropped from a height of 100 m. The ball after each bounce rises vertically by half its previous height (This means at the first bounce it rises by 50 m, by 25 m at the second bounce and so on). What is the vertical distance travelled by the ball between the first and the fifth bounces?
  5. An ant starts at the origin and moves along the $y$-axis and covers a distance $l$. This is its first stage in its journey. Every subsequent stage requires the ant to turn right and move a distance which is half of its previous stage. What would be its coordinates at the end of its $5^{\text{th}}$ stage?
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