Question
The triad of 'diarrhoea, dementia and dermatitis' is characteristically seen in the deficiency of vitamin
The correct answer is
Niacin
Niacin Deficiency and Pellagra
The characteristic triad of symptoms – diarrhoea, dementia, and dermatitis – is a hallmark sign of Niacin (Vitamin B3) deficiency. This condition is known as Pellagra.
Understanding the Symptoms
Niacin is crucial for cellular metabolism. When deficient, the body cannot properly function, leading to symptoms affecting multiple systems:
- Diarrhoea: Affects the digestive system.
- Dementia: Manifests as confusion, memory loss, and other cognitive issues.
- Dermatitis: Typically appears as a symmetrical, red rash on sun-exposed skin, often around the neck (Casal's necklace).
The deficiency primarily occurs due to inadequate intake of Niacin or its precursor, tryptophan, or conditions impairing its absorption.
Identifying the Correct Vitamin
Based on the characteristic triad:
- Riboflavin deficiency causes ariboflavinosis (sore throat, skin lesions, glossitis).
- Thiamine deficiency causes Beriberi (neurological and cardiovascular issues).
- Pyridoxine deficiency can cause peripheral neuropathy, anaemia, and seizures.
- Niacin deficiency specifically causes Pellagra with its classic '3 Ds'.
Therefore, the correct vitamin is Niacin.
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Important Questions from Vitamin B Complex Deficiency
- All of the following cause dementia EXCEPT:
- Which of the following is/are neurological manifestation(s) of vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency?
1. Poor memory
2. Optic atrophy
3. Personality change
Select the correct answer using the code given below: - Angular stomatitis and cheilosis are indicative of deficiencies of which of the following vitamins?
1. Riboflavin
2. Pyridoxine
3. Thiamine
4. Niacin
Select the correct answer using the code given below: - Confabulation is a feature of the deficiency of:
- All of the following are components of the Wernicke's syndrome EXCEPT:
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