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Question

The transfer characteristics of the circuit drawn below is observed on an oscilloscope used in XY mode. The display on the oscilloscope is shown on the right hand side. $V_i$ is connected to the X input with a setting of $0.5 \text{ V/div}$, and $V_o$ is connected to the Y input with a setting of $2 \text{ V/div}$. The beam is positioned at the origin when $V_i$ is zero. 

Assuming that the opamp is ideal and the zener diodes have forward biased voltage drop of $0.7 \text{ V}$, the values of reverse break-down voltages of $Z_1$ and $Z_2$ are, respectively,

The correct answer is
6.7 V and 4.7 V

To find the reverse breakdown voltages of the zener diodes \(Z_1\) and \(Z_2\), let us analyze the transfer characteristics shown on the oscilloscope and the given circuit.

The oscilloscope display shows the relationship between \(V_i\) (input voltage) and \(V_o\) (output voltage).

Important settings are given as:

  • Oscilloscope X input: \(0.5 \, \text{V/div}\)
  • Oscilloscope Y input: \(2 \, \text{V/div}\)

 

The op-amp is ideal and will saturate at the zener breakdown voltages.

Step-by-step Analysis

  1. When \(V_i\) is zero, the beam is at the origin of the oscilloscope, based on standard condition. Hence, positive/negative saturation indicates zener breakdown.
  2. From the graph, the output \(V_o\) becomes constant when the input \(V_i\) exceeds certain thresholds. These thresholds correspond to the zener breakdown voltages plus the diode forward voltage drop (0.7 V).
  3. Count the grid divisions on the oscilloscope to determine the saturation points:
    • For \(Z_1\), \(V_i\) is shown at approximately 13.4 divisions. Since each division corresponds to \(0.5 \, \text{V}\), the \(V_i\) value is approximately \(13.4 \times 0.5 = 6.7 \, \text{V}\).
    • This indicates \(V_z1 + 0.7 = 6.7 \, \text{V}\), resulting in \(V_z1 = 6.0 \, \text{V}\).
    • For \(Z_2\), \(V_i\) is shown at approximately 9.4 divisions, indicating \(9.4 \times 0.5 = 4.7 \, \text{V}\).
    • This indicates \(V_z2 + 0.7 = 4.7 \, \text{V}\), resulting in \(V_z2 = 4.0 \, \text{V}\).

Thus, the reverse breakdown voltages of \(Z_1\) and \(Z_2\) in the given circuit are \(6.7\, \text{V}\\) and \(4.7\, \text{V}\\), respectively.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 6.7 V and 4.7 V.

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Important Questions from Zener Diodes

  1. Which of the following diodes operate(s) in reverse breakdown region?

  2. Zener diodes are used as _______.

  3. Zener diode works under which region of V - I characteristics of the semiconductor diode?

  4. The Zener resistance of a Zener diode, which exhibits 50 mV change in V zfor a 2.5 mA change in I zis _________.

  5. A properly doped crystal diode which has a sharp breakdown voltage is known as _______

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