Understanding Data Interpretation from Tables

This problem requires us to interpret data presented in a table showing the percentage distribution of different item types produced by a company over two years, 2020 and 2021. We are given the total number of items produced in each year and the percentage breakdown for each item type (A through F).

Analyzing the Provided Production Data Table

Let's look at the distribution of items produced in 2020 and 2021.

Total items produced in 2020: 48600

Total items produced in 2021: 62500

Calculating Item Production in 2021

The question asks about the number of items produced in the year 2021, specifically comparing item type E and item type C. To do this, we first need to calculate the actual number of items of type E and type C produced in 2021 based on the given percentages and the total production for that year.

Step-by-Step Calculation

Step 1: Calculate the number of items of type E produced in 2021.

From the table, the percentage distribution of item type E in 2021 is 18%. The total number of items produced in 2021 is 62500.

Number of Item E in 2021 = Percentage of Item E in 2021 \(\times\) Total production in 2021

Number of Item E in 2021 = \( \frac{18}{100} \times 62500 \)

Number of Item E in 2021 = \( 18 \times 625 \)

Number of Item E in 2021 = 11250

So, 11250 items of type E were produced in 2021.

Step 2: Calculate the number of items of type C produced in 2021.

From the table, the percentage distribution of item type C in 2021 is 8%. The total number of items produced in 2021 is 62500.

Number of Item C in 2021 = Percentage of Item C in 2021 \(\times\) Total production in 2021

Number of Item C in 2021 = \( \frac{8}{100} \times 62500 \)

Number of Item C in 2021 = \( 8 \times 625 \)

Number of Item C in 2021 = 5000

So, 5000 items of type C were produced in 2021.

Step 3: Find the difference between the number of Item E and Item C produced in 2021.

Difference = Number of Item E in 2021 - Number of Item C in 2021

Difference = \( 11250 - 5000 \)

Difference = 6250

Item E production in 2021 is 6250 more than Item C production in 2021.

Step 4: Calculate the percentage by which the number of Item E is more than Item C in 2021.

To find the percentage increase, we use the formula:

Percentage Increase = \( \frac{\text{Difference}}{\text{Number of Item C in 2021}} \times 100 \)

Percentage Increase = \( \frac{6250}{5000} \times 100 \)

Percentage Increase = \( \frac{625}{500} \times 100 \)

Percentage Increase = \( \frac{125}{100} \times 100 \)

Percentage Increase = 125

The number of items of type E produced in the year 2021 is 125% more than the number of items of type C produced in 2021.

Conclusion

By calculating the actual numbers of items produced based on the percentage distribution and total production, we found that item type E production in 2021 was significantly higher than item type C production in the same year. The percentage increase is 125%.

Revision Table: Key Calculations

Additional Information: Percentage Concepts

Understanding percentages is crucial for data interpretation. Here are a couple of related concepts:

• Percentage Change: This is used to describe the relative change in a value from an old value to a new value. It can be a percentage increase or decrease. The formula is \(\frac{\text{New Value} - \text{Old Value}}{\text{Old Value}} \times 100\). In our case, Item C production is the 'Old Value' or base for comparison, and Item E production is the 'New Value'.
• Percentage Point vs. Percentage Change: It's important not to confuse percentage points with percentage change. A change from 10% to 12% is a 2 percentage point increase, but a \(\frac{12-10}{10} \times 100 = 20\%\) percentage increase. This question specifically asks for percentage 'more than', which is a percentage change calculation.

Data interpretation questions often test your ability to extract relevant information from tables or charts and perform calculations like percentages, ratios, and averages.