The question asks for the Cartesian coordinates $(x, y)$ corresponding to the polar coordinates $(r, \theta) = (4, \frac{\pi}{4})$.
The conversion formulas from polar coordinates $(r, \theta)$ to Cartesian coordinates $(x, y)$ are:
Substitute the given values $r = 4$ and $\theta = \frac{\pi}{4}$ into the formulas:
$x = 4 \cos(\frac{\pi}{4})$
Since $\cos(\frac{\pi}{4}) = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$,
$x = 4 \times \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$
$x = 2\sqrt{2}$
$y = 4 \sin(\frac{\pi}{4})$
Since $\sin(\frac{\pi}{4}) = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$,
$y = 4 \times \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$
$y = 2\sqrt{2}$
Therefore, the Cartesian coordinates are $(2\sqrt{2}, 2\sqrt{2})$.
Comparing the calculated coordinates $(2\sqrt{2}, 2\sqrt{2})$ with the given options, Option D matches the result.
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