The question asks for another name by which the Bhoodan-Gramadan Movement, initiated by Vinoba Bhave, is known.

Understanding the Bhoodan-Gramadan Movement

The Bhoodan-Gramadan Movement was a voluntary land reform movement in India started by Acharya Vinoba Bhave in 1951. The main objective of the movement was to persuade wealthy landowners to voluntarily donate a portion of their land to landless people.

The movement started with 'Bhoodan' (land gift), where landowners were asked to donate one-sixth of their land. Later, it evolved into 'Gramdan' (village gift), where villagers were encouraged to surrender their land rights to the village community itself, which would then redistribute the land equitably.

Why "Bloodless Revolution"?

The Bhoodan-Gramadan Movement aimed at achieving significant social and economic change, specifically concerning land distribution, without resorting to violence or force. It relied entirely on moral persuasion and voluntary action. This non-violent approach to revolutionizing land ownership is the key reason it was termed a "Bloodless Revolution".

• Bloodless: It did not involve violence, conflict, or bloodshed.
• Revolution: It aimed to bring about a fundamental change in the existing social and economic structure, particularly regarding land ownership and equality.

Vinoba Bhave walked across India, urging people to donate land. This method of voluntary donation and redistribution was seen as a peaceful, non-violent path to agrarian reform, hence the name Bloodless Revolution.

Analysing the Options

Let's look at the other options to understand why they are not correct in this context:

• Civil Revolution: This term is too general and doesn't specifically describe the nature or method of the Bhoodan-Gramadan Movement.
• Green Revolution: The Green Revolution refers to the period when agriculture in India saw a significant increase in yield due to improved seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation methods, starting in the 1960s. It is related to agricultural production, not land redistribution through voluntary donation.
• White Revolution: The White Revolution (also known as Operation Flood) is related to India's dairy development and milk production, making India the world's largest milk producer. It is entirely unrelated to land reform.
• Bloodless Revolution: As explained above, this term perfectly captures the essence of the Bhoodan-Gramadan Movement – a major societal change (revolution) achieved peacefully (bloodless).

Therefore, the Bhoodan-Gramadan Movement is correctly known as the Bloodless Revolution because it sought to achieve radical land reform through non-violent, voluntary means.

Revision Table: Key Terms and Concepts

Additional Information on Indian Revolutions and Movements

India has seen various significant movements and 'revolutions' aimed at different goals. Understanding the context helps differentiate them:

• Green Revolution: Focused on increasing agricultural productivity using modern techniques and technology. Prominently associated with M.S. Swaminathan in India.
• White Revolution (Operation Flood): Focused on increasing milk production and creating a national milk grid. Verghese Kurien is considered the father of the White Revolution in India.
• Bhoodan-Gramadan Movement: Focused on voluntary land redistribution and agrarian reform through non-violence, led by Vinoba Bhave.
• Other movements include the Blue Revolution (aquaculture/fisheries), Yellow Revolution (oilseed production), etc.

Each movement had distinct objectives, methods, and impacts on specific sectors of the Indian economy and society. The Bhoodan-Gramadan Movement stands out for its unique moral and non-violent approach to addressing land inequality.