Analyzing Employee Arrears Data

This question requires us to analyze the provided table showing the income sources of four employees and calculate a percentage difference based on their arrears. We need to find out by what percentage the combined arrears of Amit and Suresh are less than the combined arrears of Nitin and Varun.

Step-by-Step Arrears Calculation

First, let's extract the arrears data for the relevant employees from the table:

• Amit's Arrears: Rs. 6000
• Suresh's Arrears: Rs. 6300
• Nitin's Arrears: Rs. 5000
• Varun's Arrears: Rs. 7500

1. Calculate Combined Arrears for Amit and Suresh

Add the arrears of Amit and Suresh together:

Combined Arrears (Amit + Suresh) = Amit's Arrears + Suresh's Arrears
Combined Arrears (Amit + Suresh) = Rs. 6000 + Rs. 6300 = Rs. 12300

2. Calculate Combined Arrears for Nitin and Varun

Add the arrears of Nitin and Varun together:

Combined Arrears (Nitin + Varun) = Nitin's Arrears + Varun's Arrears
Combined Arrears (Nitin + Varun) = Rs. 5000 + Rs. 7500 = Rs. 12500

3. Calculate the Difference in Combined Arrears

Find the difference between the combined arrears of Nitin and Varun and the combined arrears of Amit and Suresh:

Difference = Combined Arrears (Nitin + Varun) - Combined Arrears (Amit + Suresh)
Difference = Rs. 12500 - Rs. 12300 = Rs. 200

4. Calculate the Percentage Less

The question asks by what percent the arrears of Amit and Suresh are less than the arrears of Nitin and Varun. This means the percentage difference should be calculated with respect to the combined arrears of Nitin and Varun.

Percentage Less = $\left( \frac{\text{Difference}}{\text{Combined Arrears (Nitin + Varun)}} \right) \times 100$

Percentage Less = $\left( \frac{200}{12500} \right) \times 100$

Percentage Less = $\left( \frac{200}{125} \right)$

To simplify the fraction $\frac{200}{125}$, we can divide both numerator and denominator by their greatest common divisor, which is 25.

$\frac{200 \div 25}{125 \div 25} = \frac{8}{5}$

Now, convert the fraction to a decimal:

$\frac{8}{5} = 1.6$

So, the arrears of Amit and Suresh taken together are 1.6 percent less than the arrears of Nitin and Varun taken together.

Revision Table: Key Concepts

Additional Information on Data Interpretation

Data interpretation questions often involve analyzing information presented in tables, charts, or graphs to answer specific questions. These questions test your ability to quickly and accurately extract relevant data, perform calculations (like sums, averages, percentages, ratios), and compare quantities.

• Understanding Tables: Pay attention to row and column headers and the units used (e.g., Rs., percent).
• Reading the Question Carefully: Identify exactly what is being asked. Is it a sum, a difference, a ratio, a percentage increase, or a percentage decrease?
• Identifying the Base Value: For percentage increase/decrease questions, correctly identifying the 'original' or 'base' value is crucial for the denominator in the percentage calculation. In this question, "less than the Arrears of Nitin and Varun" means Nitin and Varun's combined arrears are the base.
• Calculations: Perform arithmetic operations accurately. For percentages, remember the formula $\left( \frac{\text{Part}}{\text{Whole}} \right) \times 100$.

Practicing with different types of data representations (tables, bar graphs, pie charts, line graphs) and various question types will help improve your data interpretation skills for exams.