Some equipotential surfaces are shown. What is the magnitude and direction of electric field?
200 V/m making an angle of 120° with x-axis
Electric field (E) is given by the relation \( E = -\frac{\Delta V}{\Delta x} \). The voltage difference between successive surfaces is 10V, and the distance is 10 cm (0.1 m), so \( E = \frac{10}{0.1} = 100 V/m \). The direction is perpendicular to equipotential lines, leading to an effective angle of 120° with the x-axis.
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