Select the option that is related to the fifth word in the same way as the second word is related to the first word and the fourth word is related to the third word. (The words must be considered as meaningful English words and must NOT be related to each other based on the number of letters/number of consonants/vowels in the word) APPOINT : APPOINTMENT :: ARRANGE : ARRANGEMENT :: ADJUST : ?
ADJUSTMENT
Understanding Word Analogies and Relationships
This question asks us to identify the relationship between pairs of words and apply that same relationship to a third word to find its partner. These types of questions test your understanding of word meanings and how words can be related through various patterns, such as prefixes, suffixes, synonyms, antonyms, or grammatical form changes.
Analyzing the Given Word Pairs
Let's look at the pairs provided in the analogy:
- APPOINT : APPOINTMENT
- ARRANGE : ARRANGEMENT
- ADJUST : ?
We need to find the relationship between the first and second words in the first pair (APPOINT and APPOINTMENT) and the third and fourth words in the second pair (ARRANGE and ARRANGEMENT). Then we will use that pattern to find the word related to ADJUST.
Identifying the Relationship Pattern
Let's examine how the second word is formed from the first word in the given pairs:
- APPOINT becomes APPOINTMENT.
- ARRANGE becomes ARRANGEMENT.
In both cases, the second word is formed by adding the suffix "-MENT" to the first word. APPOINT (a verb) becomes APPOINTMENT (a noun). ARRANGE (a verb) becomes ARRANGEMENT (a noun).
The pattern is: Verb + -MENT = Noun (often denoting an action or result of the verb).
Applying the Pattern to Find the Missing Word
Now we apply this same pattern to the fifth word, ADJUST:
- The word is ADJUST.
- The pattern is to add the suffix "-MENT".
- ADJUST + -MENT = ADJUSTMENT.
So, the word related to ADJUST in the same way is ADJUSTMENT.
Checking the Options
Let's compare our resulting word with the given options:
- ADJUSTMENT
- ANNOUNCEMENT
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- ADVANCEMENT
Our derived word, ADJUSTMENT, matches option 1.
Conclusion on Word Analogy
The analogy follows the pattern of adding the suffix "-MENT" to the base word to form a related noun. Applying this pattern to ADJUST gives us ADJUSTMENT. Therefore, the correct answer is ADJUSTMENT.
| Pair | First Word | Relationship | Second Word |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | APPOINT | + MENT | APPOINTMENT |
| 2 | ARRANGE | + MENT | ARRANGEMENT |
| 3 | ADJUST | + MENT | ADJUSTMENT |
Revision Table: Key Concepts in Word Analogies
| Concept | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Analogy | A comparison between two things for the purpose of explanation or clarification. In verbal reasoning, it's about finding the relationship between pairs of words. | Hot : Cold :: Up : Down (Antonyms) |
| Suffix | A letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to form another word or change its meaning or grammatical function. | -MENT, -ION, -LY, -FUL |
| Word Formation | How new words are created, often through adding prefixes, suffixes, compounding, etc. | Creating 'happiness' from 'happy' using the suffix '-ness'. |
| Verbal Reasoning | The ability to understand and reason using concepts framed in words. Word analogies are a common type of verbal reasoning question. | Solving questions based on relationships between words. |
Additional Information on the Suffix -MENT
The suffix "-MENT" is commonly added to verbs to form nouns. These nouns often refer to:
- The action of the verb (e.g., 'development' is the act of developing).
- The result of the action (e.g., 'agreement' is the result of agreeing).
- The state or condition resulting from the action (e.g., 'containment' is the state of being contained).
- A means or instrument (less common, but possible).
Examples of words formed with the -MENT suffix:
- Govern > Government
- Develop > Development
- Agree > Agreement
- Establish > Establishment
- Improve > Improvement
Understanding common prefixes and suffixes like "-MENT" is helpful for solving word analogy and vocabulary questions, as it reveals patterns in word formation and meaning.
Important Questions from General Knowledge Based
Select the option that is related to the third word in the same way as the second word is related to the first word.
Dermatologist : Skin : Neonatologist : ?
Select the option in which the words share the same relationship as that shared by the given pair of words.
Horses : Neigh
Select the option in which the words share the same relationship as that shared by the given pair of words.
Raj Ghat : Mahatma Gandhi
Given below are four words out of which three are alike in a certain context and one of them is inconsistent. Select the corresponding word.
Four words have been given, out of which three are alike in some manner and one is different. Select the word that is different.
