Assertion (A) : Mean level of fluid intelligence (gf) is higher in young adults than older adults.
Reason (R) : Crystallized intelligence increases throughout life span.
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Assertion (A) Analysis: Fluid Intelligence in Adults
Fluid intelligence ($g_f$) involves reasoning and problem-solving abilities in novel situations. Research indicates that fluid intelligence typically peaks in early adulthood and shows a gradual decline with increasing age. Therefore, the statement that the mean level of fluid intelligence is higher in young adults than older adults is considered true.
Reason (R) Analysis: Crystallized Intelligence Across Lifespan
Crystallized intelligence reflects acquired knowledge, skills, and vocabulary. This type of intelligence tends to increase or remain stable throughout an individual's lifespan, often benefiting from experience and continued learning. Thus, the statement that crystallized intelligence increases throughout the life span is also considered true.
Relationship Between Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
The question asks if the increase in crystallized intelligence (Reason R) correctly explains the higher level of fluid intelligence in young adults compared to older adults (Assertion A).
- Assertion (A) concerns fluid intelligence ($g_f$), which tends to decrease with age.
- Reason (R) concerns crystallized intelligence, which tends to increase or stabilize with age.
- Since fluid and crystallized intelligence follow different developmental trajectories across the lifespan, the increase in one does not explain the changes observed in the other.
Therefore, while both statements (A) and (R) are factually true based on established psychological research, Reason (R) does not provide a correct explanation for Assertion (A).
Conclusion
Based on the analysis, both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation for Assertion (A).
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