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Question

P, Q, and R talk about S's car collection. P states that S has at least 3 cars. Q believes that S has lessthan 3 cars. R indicates that to his knowledge, S has at least one car. Only one of P, Q and R isright. The number of cars owned by S is

The correct answer is
0

Analyzing the Statements

Let $N$ be the number of cars S owns.

  • P's statement: $N \ge 3$.
  • Q's statement: $N < 3$ (which means $N = 0, 1,$ or $2$).
  • R's statement: $N \ge 1$.

We are given that only one of these statements is true.

Evaluating Scenarios

We test each person being the sole truth-teller:

Scenario 1: Only P is telling the truth.

  • P is True: $N \ge 3$.
  • Q is False: It is NOT true that $N < 3$. So, $N \ge 3$.
  • R is False: It is NOT true that $N \ge 1$. So, $N < 1$ (i.e., $N = 0$).

This leads to a contradiction ($N \ge 3$ and $N = 0$). So, P cannot be the only one telling the truth.

Scenario 2: Only Q is telling the truth.

  • Q is True: $N < 3$ (i.e., $N = 0, 1,$ or $2$).
  • P is False: It is NOT true that $N \ge 3$. So, $N < 3$.
  • R is False: It is NOT true that $N \ge 1$. So, $N < 1$ (i.e., $N = 0$).

If $N = 0$, then:

  • P's statement ($N \ge 3$) is False.
  • Q's statement ($N < 3$) is True.
  • R's statement ($N \ge 1$) is False.

This perfectly fits the condition that only one person (Q) is telling the truth. Therefore, the number of cars must be 0.

Scenario 3: Only R is telling the truth.

  • R is True: $N \ge 1$.
  • P is False: It is NOT true that $N \ge 3$. So, $N < 3$.
  • Q is False: It is NOT true that $N < 3$. So, $N \ge 3$.

This leads to a contradiction ($N < 3$ and $N \ge 3$). So, R cannot be the only one telling the truth.

Conclusion

The only consistent scenario is when Q is telling the truth, which implies that S owns 0 cars.

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Important Questions from Logical Deduction

  1. Based only on the conversation below, identify the logically correct inference:
    “Even if I had known that you were in the hospital, I would not have gone there to see you", Ramya told Josephine.
  2. In the given figure, the numbers associated with the rectangle, triangle, and ellipse are 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Which one among the given options is the most appropriate combination of P, Q, and R ?
     

  3. Column-I has statements made by Shanthala; and, Column-II has responses given by Kanishk.
    Column-IColumn-II
    P.This house is in a mess.1.Alright, I won't bring it up during our conversations.
    Q.I am not happy with the marks given to me.2.Well, you can easily look it up.
    R.Politics is a subject I avoid talking about.3.No problem, let me clear it up for you.
    S.I don't know what this word means.4.Don't worry, I will take it up with your teacher.

    Identify the option that has the correct match between Column-I and Column-II.
  4. In the following truth table, what does X stand for?
    PQX
    111
    100
    010
    001
  5. A color model is shown in the figure with color codes: Yellow (Y), Magenta (M), Cyan (Cy), Red (R), Blue (Bl), Green (G), and Black (K).

    Which one of the following options displays the color codes that are consistent with the color model?

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