Operant conditioning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology. It describes a learning process where behavior is modified through consequences, specifically reinforcement and punishment.
The psychologist most famously associated with the theory and extensive research on Operant Conditioning is B.F. Skinner. While Pavlov is known for classical conditioning, Skinner focused on how voluntary behaviors are strengthened or weakened by their outcomes.
Key elements of Skinner's theory include:
Therefore, Operant Conditioning is directly associated with B.F. Skinner.
Morgenthau's principles of political realism are:
A. Politics is rooted in permanent and unchanging human nature which is basically self centred, self-regarding and self-interested
B. Politics is an autonomous sphere of action and cannot therefore be reduced to morals
C. International Politics is an arena of conflicting self-interests
D. The ethics of international relations is situational ethics which is very different from private morality
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Who among the following political thinkers consider the anarchical self help system to be a compelling factor for States to maximise their relative power positions?