Nadir Shah, ruler of Iran plundered the city of Delhi in ________.
1739
Understanding Nadir Shah's Plunder of Delhi
The question asks about the specific year when Nadir Shah, the ruler of Iran, launched his invasion and plundered the city of Delhi.
Nadir Shah, also known as the Napoleon of Persia, rose to power in Iran (Persia) in the early 18th century. He was a formidable military leader who expanded his empire significantly.
In 1738, Nadir Shah invaded the Mughal Empire. His forces marched towards Delhi, the capital. A major battle took place at Karnal in February 1739, where the Mughal army was decisively defeated.
Following the victory at Karnal, Nadir Shah entered Delhi in March 1739. His army occupied the city, and Delhi suffered immense devastation and plunder. This event marked a significant turning point in the decline of the Mughal Empire.
Among the treasures taken by Nadir Shah from Delhi were the famous Peacock Throne (Takht-e Tavus) and the legendary Koh-i-Noor diamond.
Let's look at the given options:
- Option 1: 1739. This year aligns with the historical accounts of Nadir Shah's invasion and plunder of Delhi.
- Option 2: 1771. This year is much later than Nadir Shah's invasion.
- Option 3: 1748. Nadir Shah was assassinated in 1747, so he could not have plundered Delhi in 1748.
- Option 4: 1761. This year is associated with the Third Battle of Panipat, fought between the Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali (Durrani Empire), not Nadir Shah.
Based on historical facts, the plunder of Delhi by Nadir Shah occurred in 1739.
Revision Table: Key Events Related to Nadir Shah's Invasion
| Event | Year | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Nadir Shah begins Indian campaign | 1738 | Start of the invasion of the Mughal Empire. |
| Battle of Karnal | 1739 (February) | Decisive victory for Nadir Shah over the Mughal army. |
| Nadir Shah enters Delhi | 1739 (March) | Beginning of the occupation and plunder of the city. |
| Plunder of Delhi | 1739 | Systematic looting of the city's wealth, including treasures like the Peacock Throne and Koh-i-Noor diamond. |
| Nadir Shah's return to Persia | 1739 (May) | Departure from Delhi with vast riches. |
Additional Information: Impact of Nadir Shah's Invasion on Mughal Empire
- The invasion exposed the military weakness and internal decay of the Mughal Empire.
- The massive wealth plundered severely depleted the Mughal treasury.
- The prestige and authority of the Mughal emperor were significantly diminished.
- This event paved the way for the rise of regional powers and later the expansion of the British influence in India.
- The invasion caused widespread chaos and suffering in Delhi and surrounding regions.
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