Ashoka's Faith in Tri-Ratna Inscription

Emperor Ashoka, a prominent ruler of the Mauryan dynasty, is known for his conversion to Buddhism and the extensive propagation of its principles through his edicts and inscriptions scattered across the Indian subcontinent. These inscriptions provide invaluable insights into his reign, his policies, and his personal faith.

The question asks in which specific inscription Ashoka clearly demonstrates his faith in the Tri-Ratna. The Tri-Ratna, or Three Jewels, are fundamental to Buddhism:

• Buddha: The enlightened one.
• Dharma: The teachings of the Buddha.
• Sangha: The community of Buddhist monks and followers.

A Buddhist expresses faith and takes refuge in these three jewels.

Identifying the Tri-Ratna Inscription

Among Ashoka's many inscriptions, the Bhabru inscription (also known as the Bairat inscription) is particularly significant concerning his personal devotion to Buddhism and the Tri-Ratna. In this inscription, Ashoka explicitly salutes the Tri-Ratna and lists several Buddhist scriptures that he recommends for study by monks, nuns, and lay followers.

Let's briefly look at the other options:

• Jaugada inscription: This is a Major Rock Edict focusing primarily on administrative matters, justice, and welfare, particularly addressed to officials in the Kalinga region after the war. It does not contain a direct declaration of faith in the Tri-Ratna.
• Maski inscription: This Minor Rock Edict is famous because it is one of the few inscriptions where Ashoka's name (Devanampriya Ashoka) is explicitly mentioned, confirming that 'Devanampriya Piyadassi' referred to Ashoka. While it shows Ashoka's adoption of Buddhism, it does not specifically detail his faith in the Tri-Ratna like the Bhabru inscription does.

Based on the content of the inscriptions, the Bhabru inscription stands out as the one where Ashoka most clearly expresses his devotion to the Tri-Ratna and promotes Buddhist learning.

Therefore, the inscription in which Ashoka showed his faith in Tri-Ratna is the Bhabru inscription.