Explanation:
The Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, which was added to UNESCO’s World Network of Biosphere Reserves in 2025, is located in the Lahaul–Spiti region of Himachal Pradesh, India.
According to official reports, it lies in the western Himalayas and covers high-altitude areas such as:
| List I | List II |
| a. Endangered Species | i. Desert sheep and hornbill |
| b. Vulnerable Species | ii. Blue Sheep |
| c. Rare Species | iii. Lion Tailed Macaque |
| d. Extinct Species | iv. Pink headed duck |
Under the Antarctic Treaty system and the 1991 Environmental Protocol, permitted activities are primarily: