In the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions based on those statements. Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion(s) logically follows the given statements. Statements: I. No Flower is Plant. II. Some Animal are Flower. Conclusions: I. Some Animal are not Plant. II. All Plant are Animal.
Statements Analysis
Let's break down the given statements to understand their relationships:
- Statement I: "No Flower is Plant." This is a universal negative statement. It clearly states that the categories 'Flower' and 'Plant' are entirely separate. There is absolutely no overlap between them. If something is a Flower, it cannot be a Plant, and vice versa.
- Statement II: "Some Animal are Flower." This is a particular affirmative statement. It means there exists at least one member (and possibly more) that belongs to both the 'Animal' category and the 'Flower' category. There is an overlap between Animals and Flowers.
Conclusions Analysis
Now, let's evaluate each conclusion based on the statements:
- Conclusion I: "Some Animal are not Plant."
- From Statement II, we know that there are some Animals that are also Flowers.
- From Statement I, we know that anything that is a Flower is definitely not a Plant.
- Therefore, those specific Animals identified in Statement II (the ones that are Flowers) must necessarily *not* be Plants.
- This means the conclusion "Some Animal are not Plant" logically follows from the given statements.
- Conclusion II: "All Plant are Animal."
- Statement I tells us Flowers and Plants are separate categories.
- Statement II tells us some Animals are Flowers.
- These statements do not provide any information that forces the entire category of 'Plant' to be included within the 'Animal' category. It's possible that no Plants are Animals, or only some Plants are Animals, or even that all Plants are Animals, but the given statements do not *guarantee* that "All Plant are Animal".
- Therefore, this conclusion does not logically follow from the given statements.
Reasoning Summary
Based on the analysis:
- Conclusion I ("Some Animal are not Plant") is a valid deduction.
- Conclusion II ("All Plant are Animal") is not a valid deduction.
Therefore, only Conclusion I follows from the statements.
Important Questions from Syllogism
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All dancers are talented.
Some girls are dancers.
Conclusions:
I. Some girls are talented.
II. All talented are girls.
III. All girls are talented.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All directors are actors.
No actor is a producer.
All choreographers are directors.
Conclusions:
I. No choreographer is producer.
II. Some actors are choreographers.
III. No director is a producer.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the statements.
Statements:
All lemons are plums.
All plums are dates.
Some dates are mangoes.
Conclusions:
I. Some lemons are mangoes.
II. Some mangoes are plums.
III. All lemons are dates.
IV. Some mangoes are dates.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some cards are postcards.
Some cards are envelopes.
All envelopes are copies.
Conclusions:
I. Some copies are envelopes.
II. Some postcards are copies.
III. Some cards are copies.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All employees are tax-payers.
Some employees are farmers.
Some farmers are doctors.
Conclusions:
I. No farmer is a tax-payer.
II. Some farmers are tax-payers.
