Question
In dose-response curve of chemical substances, there exists a dose below which none of the animal is affected, which is called as:
The correct answer is
Threshold dose
Identifying the Threshold Dose
In toxicology and pharmacology, the relationship between the dose of a substance and the response it elicits is fundamental. This relationship is often visualized using a dose-response curve.
Understanding Dose-Response Concepts
The question describes a specific point on this curve:
- A dose below which no effect is observed in any tested animal.
- This signifies the point where biological effects begin to manifest.
Analyzing the Options
- Absorbed dose: Refers to the amount of substance that actually enters circulation, not specifically the minimum effect level.
- Threshold dose: This is the precise definition of the lowest dose at which a measurable biological effect occurs. Below this level, no significant effect is observed.
- Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI): This is a safety guideline for humans, representing a daily exposure unlikely to cause adverse health effects over a lifetime. It is not the minimum effect dose in test animals.
- Toxicity Reference Dose (RfD): Similar to ADI, it's an estimate of a daily exposure level for humans that poses no appreciable risk over a lifetime.
Conclusion
Based on the definition provided – a dose below which none of the animals are affected – the correct term is the Threshold dose.
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Important Questions from Toxic Chemicals - Teaching
- Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I LIST-II A. Dichlorvos I. Type A organophosphate insecticide B. Melathion II. Type B organophosphate insecticide C. Parathion III. Type C organophosphate insecticide D. Lindane IV. Organochlorine Insecticide
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: - Which of the following is most important analog of DDT that have same general size, shape and possess the same insecticidal properties but is more biodegradable and less bioaccumulative ?
- A toxic substance is present at 10 mg/l (=10ppm) level in water. Arrange the following subjects (A, B, C, D and E) in decreasing order of their daily dose in (mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹) of this substance.
A. Subject taking 2 liters of water per day and have body weight of 50 kg.
B. Subject taking 2 liters of water per day and have body weight of 70 kg.
C. Subject taking 1 liters of water per day and have body weight of 10 kg.
D. Subject taking 5 liters of water per day and have body weight of 100 kg.
E. Subject taking 1 liters of water per day and have body weight of 70 kg.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: - Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The fundamental goal of a dose - response assessment is to obtain a mathematical relationship between the amount of a toxicant that a human is exposed to and the risk that there will be.
Reason (R) : To apply dose - response data obtained from animal bioassay to humans, a scaling factor must be introduced. Choose the correct answer : - Which of the following statement is incorrect ?
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