In a code language, ‘SURGE’ is written as ‘GITWU’. How will ‘LIGHT’ be written as in that language?
VJIKN
Decoding the Coding Language Pattern
The problem provides a coding language where the word 'SURGE' is coded as 'GITWU'. We need to determine the rule used for this transformation and then apply the same rule to the word 'LIGHT' to find its coded form.
Analyzing the Pattern for 'SURGE' to 'GITWU'
Let's examine the letters in 'SURGE' and their corresponding letters in 'GITWU'. We can look at their positions in the English alphabet (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26).
- S is the 19th letter, G is the 7th letter.
- U is the 21st letter, I is the 9th letter.
- R is the 18th letter, T is the 20th letter.
- G is the 7th letter, W is the 23rd letter.
- E is the 5th letter, U is the 21st letter.
A direct letter-by-letter shift doesn't seem immediately obvious (e.g., $19 \to 7$, $21 \to 9$). Let's try reversing the word 'SURGE' and then looking for a pattern.
The reverse of 'SURGE' is 'EGRUS'. Now let's compare the letters of 'EGRUS' with 'GITWU':
- E (5th letter) corresponds to G (7th letter)
- G (7th letter) corresponds to I (9th letter)
- R (18th letter) corresponds to T (20th letter)
- U (21st letter) corresponds to W (23rd letter)
- S (19th letter) corresponds to U (21st letter)
Looking at the letter positions again:
- E(5) $\to$ G(7): $5+2=7$
- G(7) $\to$ I(9): $7+2=9$
- R(18) $\to$ T(20): $18+2=20$
- U(21) $\to$ W(23): $21+2=23$
- S(19) $\to$ U(21): $19+2=21$
The pattern is clear: The coded word is obtained by reversing the original word and then shifting each letter forward by 2 positions in the alphabet.
Applying the Pattern to 'LIGHT'
Now, let's apply this rule to the word 'LIGHT'.
- Reverse the word 'LIGHT': The reverse is 'THGIL'.
- Shift each letter of 'THGIL' forward by 2 positions:
- T (20th letter) $\to$ V (22nd letter) ($20+2=22$)
- H (8th letter) $\to$ J (10th letter) ($8+2=10$)
- G (7th letter) $\to$ I (9th letter) ($7+2=9$)
- I (9th letter) $\to$ K (11th letter) ($9+2=11$)
- L (12th letter) $\to$ N (14th letter) ($12+2=14$)
So, 'LIGHT' is coded as 'VJIKN'.
Matching with Options
Let's compare our result 'VJIKN' with the given options:
- Option 1: VJIKN
- Option 2: UJMN
- Option 3: VKIJM
- Option 4: VJILM
Our calculated coded word 'VJIKN' matches Option 1.
| Original Word | Reversed | Shifted (+2) | Coded Word |
|---|---|---|---|
| S | E | G | G |
| U | G | I | I |
| R | R | T | T |
| G | U | W | W |
| E | S | U | U |
| (SURGE) | (EGRUS) | (GITWU) | (GITWU) |
| L | T | V | V |
| I | H | J | J |
| G | G | I | I |
| H | I | K | K |
| T | L | N | N |
| (LIGHT) | (THGIL) | (VJIKN) | (VJIKN) |
Conclusion
Based on the analysis of the coding pattern from 'SURGE' to 'GITWU', applying the same pattern to 'LIGHT' results in 'VJIKN'.
Revision Table: Coding Language Concepts
| Concept | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Letter Coding | Replacing letters of a word with other letters based on a specific rule or pattern. | CAT $\to$ DBU (Each letter shifted +1) |
| Position Shift | Moving letters forward or backward in the alphabet by a fixed number of positions. | A $\to$ C (Shift +2), Z $\to$ X (Shift -2) |
| Reversal | Writing the letters of a word in the opposite order. | APPLE $\to$ ELPPA |
| Mixed Patterns | Combining multiple rules, like reversal followed by a shift, or different shifts for different letters. | As in this problem: Reverse + Shift (+2) |
Additional Information: Solving Coding-Decoding Problems
Coding-decoding questions in reasoning tests require you to identify the hidden pattern or rule linking a coded word/message to its original form. Here are some common strategies:
- Analyze Letter Positions: Write down the positional values of the letters in the alphabet. Look for arithmetic relationships (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) between the positions of the original and coded letters.
- Check for Shifts: See if each letter is shifted by a constant number of positions forward or backward.
- Look for Reversal: The pattern might involve reversing the word before applying another rule.
- Check for Swapping/Pairing: Letters might be swapped in pairs or groups.
- Consider Opposite Letters: Some codes use letters that are opposite in the alphabet (e.g., A is opposite Z, B is opposite Y).
- Vowel/Consonant Patterns: The rule might apply differently to vowels and consonants.
- Compare Lengths: If the coded word has a different length, the rule might involve adding/removing letters or using a more complex substitution.
- Break Down Complex Rules: Often, the rule is a combination of simpler rules, like the reversal and shift seen in this problem.
Practice with different types of problems helps in quickly identifying the underlying pattern.
Important Questions from Alphabet Series
Select the letter-cluster from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series.
KMTC, EVOM, OQXG, IZSQ, ?
Select the set of letters that when sequentially placed in the blanks of the given letter series will complete the series.
k_lmml_mk_mmk_lkkl_mSelect the letter will replace the question mark (?) in the following series.
C, B, B, C, Z, E, W, H, S, ?, NWhich letter will replace the question mark (?) in the following letter series?
E, J, N, Q, S, ?
Select the combination of letters that when sequentially placed in the blanks of the given series will complete the series.
C _ B N _ _ V_ _ H C _ B _ H
