Understanding the Word Coding Pattern

The question provides an example of a word coded into another form. We are given that CONCOLOGY is coded as YGOLOCNOC. Our task is to identify the rule or pattern used in this coding and then apply the same rule to code the word PALAEOGRAPHY.

Analyzing the Example: CONCOLOGY to YGOLOCNOC

Let's look closely at the relationship between the original word CONCOLOGY and its coded form YGOLOCNOC.

• The word CONCOLOGY has 9 letters.
• The coded word YGOLOCNOC also has 9 letters.

Let's compare the letters and their positions:

Observing the table, we can see a clear pattern: the coded word is simply the reverse of the original word. The first letter of CONCOLOGY (C) is the last letter of YGOLOCNOC, the second letter (O) is the second to last (O), and so on.

Let's verify this reversal pattern:

• CONCOLOGY reversed is Y G O L O C N O C.
• This matches the given coded word YGOLOCNOC.

So, the coding rule is to write the word in reverse order.

Applying the Reversal Pattern to PALAEOGRAPHY

Now, we apply the same reversal rule to the word PALAEOGRAPHY.

The word is PALAEOGRAPHY.

Let's reverse the letters:

P A L A E O G R A P H Y

Reading from right to left, the letters are:

Y <- H <- P <- A <- R <- G <- O <- E <- A <- L <- A <- P

Putting them in order from left to right, the coded word is:

YHPARGOEALAP

Checking the Options

Now, let's compare our result with the given options:

1. YHPRAGOEALAP (Incorrect - R and G are swapped compared to our result)
2. YHPARGOEALAP (Matches our result)
3. YHPARGOAELAP (Incorrect - O and A are swapped compared to our result)
4. YHPARGEOALAP (Incorrect - G and E are swapped, and O and R are swapped compared to our result)

Our calculated coded word, YHPARGOEALAP, exactly matches Option 2.

Step-by-Step Solution

1. Identify the original word: CONCOLOGY
2. Identify the coded word: YGOLOCNOC
3. Compare the two words to find the pattern.
4. Observe that YGOLOCNOC is the reverse of CONCOLOGY.
5. Confirm the pattern: The coding is done by reversing the word.
6. Take the new word to be coded: PALAEOGRAPHY.
7. Apply the reversal pattern to PALAEOGRAPHY.
8. Reverse the letters of PALAEOGRAPHY: Y H P A R G O E A L A P
9. The coded word for PALAEOGRAPHY is YHPARGOEALAP.
10. Compare the result with the given options and select the matching one.

Revision Table: Word Coding Summary

Additional Information: Logical Reasoning Patterns

Coding-decoding questions are common in logical reasoning tests. They assess your ability to identify patterns and rules. Common patterns include:

• Letter Shifting: Each letter is shifted a fixed number of positions forward or backward in the alphabet (e.g., A becomes B, B becomes C, or A becomes Z, B becomes Y).
• Letter Reversal: The word or parts of the word are reversed.
• Letter Substitution: Each letter is replaced by a different specific letter based on a rule (e.g., vowels are replaced by the next vowel, consonants by the next consonant, or based on a specific mapping).
• Position Swapping: Letters at certain positions are swapped (e.g., the first and last letters are swapped, the second and second-to-last are swapped, or pairs of letters are swapped).
• Combination of Patterns: A mix of two or more of the above patterns.

To solve these problems, carefully analyze the example given, look for consistent changes in letter positions or identities, and once the pattern is identified, apply it systematically to the word you need to code or decode.