In 1989, which thinker called the end of communism as ‘End of History’ ?
Francis Fukuyama
In the summer of 1989, as communist regimes in Eastern Europe were collapsing, Francis Fukuyama published the essay ‘The End of History?’ in the journal The National Interest; he expanded it into the book ‘The End of History and the Last Man’ (1992).
Drawing on Hegel (through Kojève), he argued that the defeat of fascism and now of communism marked the end point of humanity’s ideological evolution: liberal democracy combined with a market economy had no serious rival left as the final form of government.
Adam Smith was an 18th-century economist (‘The Wealth of Nations’, 1776); Rudolf Heberle was a sociologist of social movements; and Michel Foucault wrote on power, knowledge and discipline. None of them advanced the ‘end of history’ thesis.
Hence, the answer is Francis Fukuyama.
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