If the surface area of a sphere increases by 21%, by what percentage does its volume increase?
33.1%
Surface area is proportional to r^2, so new r^2 = 1.21 times old, giving new r = 1.1 times old r. Volume is proportional to r^3, so new volume = (1.1)^3 = 1.331 times old, an increase of 33.1%.