This question asks to evaluate an Assertion (A) and a Reason (R) regarding the Information Processing Approach in psychology.

Evaluating Assertion (A)

Assertion (A) states: The information processing approach is rooted in structuralism.

Structuralism, pioneered by figures like Wilhelm Wundt, aimed to break down conscious experience into its basic elements using introspection. In contrast, the information processing approach views the mind as a system that processes information, much like a computer. It focuses on input, storage, retrieval, and output of information, and the cognitive processes involved (like attention, perception, memory, and problem-solving). While both are part of cognitive psychology's history, the information processing approach is more directly influenced by computer science, cybernetics, and earlier behaviorist ideas about observable processes, rather than the introspective methods and elemental focus of structuralism. Therefore, Assertion (A) is false.

Evaluating Reason (R)

Reason (R) states: It attempts to identify the basic capacities and processes that one uses in cognition.

This statement accurately describes the core goal of the information processing approach. Researchers using this framework aim to understand how individuals perceive, attend to, store, retrieve, and manipulate information. They investigate the fundamental cognitive mechanisms and the step-by-step processes underlying mental activities. Therefore, Reason (R) is true.

Conclusion

Based on the analysis:

• Assertion (A) is false.
• Reason (R) is true.

This corresponds to Option 4: (A) is false, but (R) is true.