Assertion (A) : In spite of the fact that Rawls theory has strong procedural features it can also be seen as a major contribution to social justice.
Reason (R) : He is categorical that there is a need for rational justification of all departures from equality.
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Assertion Analysis: Rawls' Theory and Social Justice
Assertion (A) states that John Rawls' theory, despite its procedural focus, is a significant contribution to social justice. Rawls' work, particularly "A Theory of Justice," uses a hypothetical procedure (the original position with a veil of ignorance) to derive principles of justice. This methodological approach is widely recognized for establishing a robust framework for understanding and advocating for social justice. Thus, Assertion (A) is true.
Reason Analysis: Justifying Departures from Equality
Reason (R) posits that Rawls insists on the rational justification for any deviation from complete equality. A cornerstone of Rawls' theory is the Difference Principle, which permits social and economic inequalities only if they are to the greatest benefit of the least advantaged members of society. This principle inherently requires that any departures from strict equality must be rationally justified based on fairness and mutual advantage. Therefore, Reason (R) is true.
Relationship Between Assertion and Reason
The procedural framework highlighted in Assertion (A) is precisely how Rawls arrives at the principles of justice, including the requirement for rational justification of inequalities mentioned in Reason (R). The procedural method aims to ensure that the principles chosen under fair conditions would indeed mandate that departures from equality are justifiable, benefiting all, especially the least well-off. Hence, Reason (R) provides the core justification for why Rawls' theory contributes to social justice, making it the correct explanation for Assertion (A).
Therefore, both statements are true, and (R) correctly explains (A).
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