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Question

Give the correct answer by using the codes given below :

Assertion (A) : Most liberal democracies respect the principle of equal liberty – at least in the context of political, legal and social rights of all citizens.

Reason (R) : However, the doctrine of equal liberty is bedevilled by problems about how freedom is defined.

Codes :

This question was previously asked in
MH SET 2021 Paper 2 Mathematical Science Question Paper (26-Sep-2021)
The correct answer is

Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

Assertion (A) is true. Liberal democracies uphold the principle of equal liberty: every citizen enjoys the same political rights (vote, contest elections), legal rights (equality before law, due process) and civil/social freedoms (speech, association, religion).

Reason (R) is also true. The doctrine of equal liberty runs into difficulty because liberty itself is contested: negative liberty (absence of interference) and positive liberty (capacity or self-mastery) lead to very different conclusions about what equal freedom requires, as Isaiah Berlin showed.

However, R does not explain A. R begins with 'However' and points to a theoretical problem with the doctrine; it does not give the reason why liberal democracies respect equal liberty, which flows from their commitment to individual rights and equal citizenship.

Hence, the answer is Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

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