I. A and B are independent.
II. \(P(A^c \cup B^c) = 0.875\)
III. \(P(A^c \cap B^c) = 0.375\)
Select the answer using the code given below.
Let's analyze the given information and statements one by one.
Let's find \(P(B)\) using the formula for conditional probability:
\(P(B|A) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(A)}\)
Substitute the known values:
\(0.5 = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{0.25} \Rightarrow P(A \cap B) = 0.5 \times 0.25 = 0.125\)
Now, using the formula \(P(A \cap B) = P(A) P(B)\) for independent events:
\(P(B) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(A)} = \frac{0.125}{0.25} = 0.5\)
Thus, the events A and B are independent. So, statement I is correct.
Now, let's verify statement II.
Using the formula for the complement of a union:
\(P(A^c \cup B^c) = 1 - P(A \cap B)\)
Substituting the value of \(P(A \cap B) = 0.125\):
\(P(A^c \cup B^c) = 1 - 0.125 = 0.875\)
Therefore, statement II is correct.
Lastly, let's evaluate statement III.
Using De Morgan's law: \(P(A^c \cap B^c) = 1 - P(A \cup B)\)
We can use the property of probabilities:
\(P(A \cup B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A \cap B)\)
Substitute the known values:
\(P(A \cup B) = 0.25 + 0.5 - 0.125 = 0.625\)
Therefore:
\(P(A^c \cap B^c) = 1 - 0.625 = 0.375\)
Statement III is also correct.
Hence, the correct answer is: I, II and III.
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