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Question

For $\frac{1}{3} < x < y < 2$, which of the following statements is/are always correct?
I. $x + \frac{1}{x} < y + \frac{1}{y}$
II. $\frac{\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y} < \frac{\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}$
Select the answer using the code given below.

The correct answer is
I only

To solve the given problem, we need to analyze each statement individually within the given range for \(x\) and \(y\):

The problem constraints are \(\frac{1}{3} < x < y < 2\).

Statement I:

The statement is \(x + \frac{1}{x} < y + \frac{1}{y}\).

Given \(x < y\), let's evaluate if this condition is always true:

  • We define a function \(f(a) = a + \frac{1}{a}\).
  • The derivative of this function \(f'(a) = 1 - \frac{1}{a^2}\).
  • For \(a > 1\)\(f'(a) > 0\) which means \(f(a)\) is increasing.
  • For \(\frac{1}{3} < a < 1\), observe that it falls within the interval where \(f(a)\) increases. Therefore, \(x + \frac{1}{x} < y + \frac{1}{y}\) holds true because \(f(a)\) is increasing with \(a > 1\) and within our range.

Thus, Statement I is always correct.

Statement II:

The statement is \(\frac{\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y} < \frac{\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}\).

We need to check if this inequality holds for \(\frac{1}{3} < x < y < 2\):

  • Consider the function \(g(a) = \frac{\sqrt{1+a^2}}{a}\).
  • The derivative is complex, but note that as \(a\) increases, \(\frac{\sqrt{1+a^2}}{a}\) decreases for \(a > 1\) due to the fact that the increase in \(a\) makes the numerator and denominator relatively stable.
  • This implies that \(g(y) \lt g(x)\) would not generally hold for all \(x, y\) in this range.

Thus, Statement II is not correct for all values within the specified range.

Based on the above reasoning, the correct answer is I only.

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Important Questions from Number System

  1. Consider the following statements :

    1. (25)! + 1 is divisible by 26

    2. (6)! + 1 is divisible by 7

    Which of the above statements is/are correct ?

  2. If the sum S is divided by 8, what is the remainder ?  

  3. If the sum S is divided by 60, what is the remainder ?

  4. Find the sum of squares of the greatest value and the smallest value of K in the number so that the number 45082K is divisible by 3.

  5. How many composite numbers are there from 53 to 97 ?

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