During the rule of which of the following dynasties did Timur or Tamerlane invade India in 1398 AD?
Understanding Timur's Invasion of India in 1398 AD
The question asks about the dynasty ruling India when Timur, also known as Tamerlane, invaded in 1398 AD. To answer this, we need to identify which dynasty was in power in the Delhi Sultanate during that specific year.
Historical Context of the Invasion
Timur was a Turco-Mongol conqueror and the founder of the Timurid Empire. He launched a major campaign towards India primarily targeting the Delhi Sultanate. His invasion in 1398 AD was marked by significant destruction, particularly in Delhi.
Ruling Dynasty During Timur's Invasion
In 1398 AD, the Delhi Sultanate was ruled by the Tughlaq dynasty. The ruler at the time of Timur's invasion was Nasir-ud-din Mahmud Shah Tughlaq. The Tughlaq dynasty had been significantly weakened by internal strife and succession issues before Timur's arrival, which contributed to the ease with which Timur was able to devastate Delhi and its surrounding areas.
Analyzing the Options
Let's look at the ruling periods of the dynasties mentioned in the options to confirm which one was in power in 1398 AD:
- The Khalji dynasty: Ruled from 1290 AD to 1320 AD. This period is well before 1398 AD.
- The Tughlaq dynasty: Ruled from 1320 AD to 1414 AD. The year 1398 AD falls within the rule of the Tughlaq dynasty.
- The Slave dynasty: Ruled from 1206 AD to 1290 AD. This was the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate and ruled much earlier than 1398 AD.
- The Sayyad dynasty: Ruled from 1414 AD to 1451 AD. This dynasty came to power after the decline of the Tughlaqs, following Timur's invasion.
Based on the ruling periods, it is clear that the Tughlaq dynasty was the ruling power in the Delhi Sultanate when Timur invaded India in 1398 AD.
| Dynasty | Approximate Ruling Period (AD) |
|---|---|
| Slave Dynasty | 1206 - 1290 |
| Khalji Dynasty | 1290 - 1320 |
| Tughlaq Dynasty | 1320 - 1414 |
| Sayyad Dynasty | 1414 - 1451 |
| Lodi Dynasty | 1451 - 1526 |
Therefore, Timur's invasion occurred during the rule of the Tughlaq dynasty.
Revision Table: Key Facts about Timur's Invasion
| Event | Details |
|---|---|
| Invader | Timur (Tamerlane) |
| Year of Invasion | 1398 AD |
| Target Region | Delhi Sultanate (India) |
| Ruling Dynasty in Delhi | Tughlaq Dynasty |
| Ruler during Invasion | Nasir-ud-din Mahmud Shah Tughlaq |
Additional Information: Impact of Timur's Invasion
Timur's invasion had a devastating impact on the Delhi Sultanate. It severely weakened the Tughlaq dynasty and marked a significant decline in the power and prestige of the Sultanate. Following the invasion, the Tughlaq dynasty lingered on for a few more years but its authority was largely diminished, paving the way for the eventual rise of the Sayyad dynasty.
Timur's primary motivation was likely plunder and asserting his dominance, rather than establishing long-term rule in India. He raided, plundered, and massacred, taking immense wealth and artisans back to his capital, Samarkand.
Important Questions from Delhi Sultanate
________ organised his trusted nobles into a group of forty known as Turkan-i-Chahalgani.
Who was the first and last woman ruler of Delhi Sultanate?
Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq was the governor of ______ during the reign of Ala-ud-din Khilji.
Who among the following was a slave of Muhammad Ghori? He became the ruler after the death of his master and founded the Slave Dynasty.
In which of the following forts was Razia Sultan imprisoned by Malik Ikhtiyar-ud-din Altunia?
