Directions : Read the passage and answer the following question. Statement: Prime Minister Narendra Modi is all set tomorrow to launch three mega flagship schemes aimed at transforming urban India, including the much talked about Smart Cities proposal, with a whopping Rs 4 lakh crore kitty having been lined up for the projects. Urban Development Minister States and local bodies will play a key role in the execution of these schemes, the minister said, adding that there will also be a lot of scope for private participation. Which of the following will be an effect of the initiative taken by the government?
"Effective management of growing urbanization is a major challenge towards the making of resurgent India. Resource management is a major challenge. The government, through these schemes, is looking to bring about a transformation of urban India with the critical goal of making the country an economic hub. Speaking at the event, Modi said, " The decision to make cities smart will be taken not by governments but by the people of the city, the local administration. Let there be competition between the cities in that smart cities come up".
Enhanced citizen and government engagement beside implementation of reforms in urban governance would be the focus under the scheme.
Analyzing the Effects of Urban India Transformation Schemes
The provided passage discusses the launch of significant government schemes aimed at transforming urban India, including the much-discussed Smart Cities proposal. These initiatives involve substantial funding and emphasize participation from states, local bodies, and the private sector. A key challenge highlighted is the effective management of growing urbanization and resource allocation towards making India an economic hub.
The question asks to identify an effect of this government initiative based on the passage.
Evaluating the Options
Let's analyze each option in light of the information provided in the passage:
Option 1: Millions of job will be created and scarcity of houses will be removed in urban and rural areas.
The passage focuses on urban transformation. While large-scale development often leads to job creation and potentially addresses housing issues, the passage does not explicitly state this as a guaranteed outcome, nor does it extend the scope to rural areas.
Option 2: Quality of life will improve in rural and urban areas.
Improving the quality of life in urban areas is a likely underlying goal of transforming urban India. However, the passage's primary focus is urban, and it doesn't explicitly state that the schemes will improve the quality of life in rural areas.
Option 3: Enhanced citizen and government engagement beside implementation of reforms in urban governance would be the focus under the scheme.
The passage directly supports this. Prime Minister Modi is quoted saying, "The decision to make cities smart will be taken not by governments but by the people of the city, the local administration." This strongly indicates enhanced citizen and local government engagement in the decision-making process. Furthermore, transforming urban India and effectively managing urbanization inherently involve reforms in urban governance.
Option 4: Ensuring water supply to each household, sewer connections, sanitation and solid waste management in rural and urban governance would be the focus under the scheme.
These are typical components of urban infrastructure development and Smart City projects. However, the passage does not list these specific items as the explicit focus, and it again includes rural governance, which is outside the primary scope mentioned in the text.
Option 5: All of the above
Since options 1, 2, and 4 are not directly and fully supported by the passage (especially concerning the inclusion of rural areas and the specificity of outcomes), this option is unlikely to be correct.
Conclusion
Based on the explicit statements and the overall theme of the passage, enhanced citizen and local government engagement in decision-making and the implementation of reforms in urban governance are the effects most directly indicated as a focus or outcome of the initiative to transform urban India.
Important Questions from Cause and Effect
Directions: Given below is a pair of statements (i) and (ii). Assuming that the information given in both (i) and (ii) is true, decide the nature of their relationship. To determine the answer, do not assume anything beyond the given information.
Statement (i): High level of air pollution in the city
Statement (ii): Increase in respiratory and health-related problems in the population
Below a question is given with two statements (I) and (II). These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
I. The staff of the factory called off the strike they were holding protesting against the low wages.
II. The staff of the factory went on a strike, anticipating a threat to their jobs.
Directions: The question below is given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or maybe the effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of the statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Statements:
I. Deirdre is an environmentalist and has collected many evidences of untreated sewage water being drained into the rivers and oceans to present in her case study.
II. Deirdre has been visiting schools in various cities with her acolytes and giving presentations on sustainable use of freshwater.
Three statements are given numbered as I, ।I and III. Considering all the things given in the statements to be true, determine the cause and effect relationship between these statements and decide which statement(s) is/are the cause and which statement(s) is/are the effect.
Statement:
I. Job stress should top the list of stressors compared to other factors such as family responsibilities and personal health concerns.
II. Excessive amount of work and unrealistic deadlines make people more anxious and stressed.
III. Companies are providing fair salary as per the work profile.
Three statements I, II and III are given. Considering all the statements to be true, determine the cause and effect relationship between these statements and decide which statement(s) is/are the cause and which statement(s) is/are the effect.
Statement:
I. Cases of obesity, diabetes and other similar diseases are increasing.
II. Fast food also has very little anti-oxidants and less fibre.
III. Fast food is high in sugar, salt, processed ingredients and trans-fats.
