Analyzing Statements on Indian Environmental and Welfare Bodies

Let's carefully examine each statement provided regarding important bodies in India related to environment, wildlife, and animal welfare.

Statement 1: Animal Welfare Board of India Establishment

The first statement claims that the Animal Welfare Board of India is established under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. We need to verify the founding legislation for this board.

• The Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI) is a statutory advisory body on animal welfare laws and promotes animal welfare in the country.
• It was established in 1962 under Section 4 of The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960.

Based on this information, Statement 1 is incorrect as the Animal Welfare Board of India is established under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960, not the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

Statement 2: National Tiger Conservation Authority Status

The second statement says that the National Tiger Conservation Authority is a statutory body. A statutory body is one that is established by an Act of Parliament or State Legislature.

• The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) was constituted in 2006.
• It was established under the provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, as amended in 2006.
• Since it is constituted under an Act of Parliament, the NTCA is indeed a statutory body.

Therefore, Statement 2 is correct.

Statement 3: National Ganga River Basin Authority Chairperson

The third statement claims that the National Ganga River Basin Authority is chaired by the Prime Minister. Let's look at the structure and leadership of this authority.

• The National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) was constituted in 2009 under Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
• It was replaced by the National Council for Rejuvenation, Protection and Management of River Ganga (referred to as National Ganga Council) in 2016, which is also chaired by the Prime Minister.
• During its active period, the NGRBA was indeed chaired by the Prime Minister of India.

Hence, Statement 3 is correct.

Summary of Statement Analysis

Let's summarize our findings in a table:

Based on the analysis, statements 2 and 3 are correct, while statement 1 is incorrect.

Conclusion

Statements 2 and 3 are correct. Therefore, the option that includes only statements 2 and 3 is the correct answer.

Revision Table: Environmental & Welfare Bodies

Additional Information: Key Environmental Acts and Bodies

• The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960: This Act was established to prevent the infliction of unnecessary pain or suffering on animals and for that purpose to amend the law relating to the prevention of cruelty to animals. The Animal Welfare Board of India was set up under this act.
• The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972: This Act provides for the protection of plants and animal species. It has been amended several times, including in 2006, which led to the constitution of the National Tiger Conservation Authority. The Act categorizes protected areas like National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries.
• The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986: This Act was enacted after the Bhopal Gas Tragedy. It is an umbrella legislation for the protection and improvement of the environment and matters connected therewith. The National Ganga River Basin Authority (and later the National Ganga Council) were constituted under the provisions of this act for the conservation of the river Ganga.
• Statutory Bodies: These bodies are created by a specific law or statute passed by the legislature. They derive their powers and functions directly from the Act that created them, unlike constitutional bodies (created by the constitution) or executive bodies (created by executive order).

Understanding the specific acts under which these bodies are established is crucial for questions related to their legal status and functions.