In the Pleistocene period either the Yamuna once flowed into the Indus, or the Sutlej flowed into the Yamuna and one major tributary of either had shifted from the Ganga to the Indus or vice versa.
Which of the following is/are the basis of the above assertion ?
1. The Nadi-Sukta of the Rigveda
2. The explorations of the Sutlej and the Yamuna by Robert Bruce Foote
3. The presence of the same species of dolphins in both the Indus and the Ganga river systems
Select the answer using the code given below :
Pleistocene River System Assertion Basis
The question asks for the basis of an assertion about river system changes during the Pleistocene period, specifically concerning the Yamuna, Indus, and Sutlej rivers.
Evaluating Assertion Basis Statements
We need to determine which of the given statements logically supports the assertion:
- Statement 1: The Nadi-Sukta of the Rigveda
The Nadi Sukta lists various rivers known during the Rigvedic period. While it mentions the Ganga, Yamuna, Sutlej, and Indus, its geographical interpretation regarding specific Pleistocene hydrological connections is debated and not considered direct evidence for the assertion's complex river shifts. - Statement 2: Explorations of Sutlej and Yamuna by Robert Bruce Foote
Robert Bruce Foote was a geologist known for his work on prehistoric archaeology and stone tools. His explorations did not primarily focus on mapping Pleistocene river dynamics or establishing connections between the Indus and Ganga systems in the way implied by the assertion. - Statement 3: Presence of the same species of dolphins
The presence of closely related or identical species of freshwater dolphins (like the Ganges river dolphin and Indus river dolphin) in both the Indus and Ganga river systems provides biological evidence. Such shared fauna suggests past hydrological connectivity, where river systems might have merged or shifted, allowing species migration. This aligns with the assertion's premise of river system changes and interconnections during the Pleistocene.
Conclusion on Assertion Basis
Based on the analysis, the biological evidence from dolphin species distribution (Statement 3) is the most direct and scientifically accepted basis for inferring past connections and shifts between major river systems like the Indus and Ganga during geological periods like the Pleistocene. Statements 1 and 2 lack the necessary scientific or historical weight to directly support this specific paleohydrological assertion.
Therefore, only statement 3 provides a valid basis for the assertion.
Important Questions from Ancient History
Which of the following archaeological sites is located on the bank of river Mahanadi and has temples/monuments of Buddhism, Hinduism and Jainism?
Polygynous family is represented by
The following are the archealogical sources of Indian history :
(a) Stone inscriptions
(b) Copper plates
(c) Leaf inscriptions
(d) Pillar inscriptions
Select the correct answer -
Regarding the Indus Valley Civilization, consider the following statements:
1) It was predominantly a secular civilization and the religious element, though present, did not dominate the scene.
2) During this period, cotton was used for manufacturing textiles in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Who founded the Rashtrakuta empire?
