Question
Clayton Alderfer refined Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. Which of the following are some of the stages of needs proposed by Alderfer?
A. autonomy needs.
B. growth needs.
C. esteem needs.
D. existence needs.
E. competence needs.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
This question was previously asked in
CUET PG 2026 Agri-Business Management Question Paper (25-Mar-2026) (Shift 2)
The correct answer is
B & D Only
Alderfer's ERG Needs Theory Explained
Clayton Alderfer's ERG theory is a modification of Maslow's hierarchy. It simplifies the needs into three core categories:
- Existence: Basic physical needs like food, water, shelter, and pay. Corresponds to Maslow's physiological and safety needs.
- Relatedness: Needs for social interaction, belonging, and relationships with others. Corresponds to Maslow's social needs and parts of esteem needs.
- Growth: Needs for personal development, self-fulfillment, and creativity. Corresponds to Maslow's self-actualization needs and parts of esteem needs.
Analyzing the Options
The question asks to identify stages proposed by Alderfer from the given list:
- A. autonomy needs: Not a primary category in ERG theory.
- B. growth needs: Directly matches the 'G' in Alderfer's ERG theory.
- C. esteem needs: A Maslow category; Alderfer integrated its components into Relatedness and Growth.
- D. existence needs: Directly matches the 'E' in Alderfer's ERG theory.
- E. competence needs: Related to 'Growth' needs but not a distinct primary category itself in the ERG model.
Conclusion
Based on Alderfer's ERG theory, both 'existence needs' (D) and 'growth needs' (B) are core components. Therefore, the correct option includes B and D.
The correct answer is Option 5: B & D Only.
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