A. Antonio Gramsci : Hegemony
B. Caroline Merchant : Link between gender oppression and the death of nature
C. Jeremy Bentham : Knowledge class in information societies
D. Charles Maurras : Integral nationalism
E. Judith Butler : Heterosexual Matrix
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
This question requires matching key thinkers with their significant ideas. Let's analyze each pair:
Correct. Antonio Gramsci, an Italian Marxist theorist, extensively developed the concept of cultural hegemony, describing how the ruling class maintains power through consent and cultural dominance.
Correct. Caroline Merchant's influential work, 'The Death of Nature', argues that the shift towards a mechanistic worldview during the Scientific Revolution led to both the exploitation of nature and the oppression of women.
Incorrect. Jeremy Bentham is renowned for his contributions to utilitarianism and legal theory. The concept of a 'knowledge class' belongs to theories of information or post-industrial societies, developed by later thinkers.
Correct. Charles Maurras was a central figure in French nationalism, strongly advocating for integral nationalism, a radical and authoritarian form of national identity.
Correct. Judith Butler, a prominent philosopher, introduced the concept of the heterosexual matrix in her work on gender theory, referring to the normative structure that presupposes and enforces a link between sex, gender, and desire.
Based on the analysis, the correct pairs are A, B, D, and E. Pair C is incorrect.
Therefore, the correct option includes thinkers A, B, D, and E.
Morgenthau's principles of political realism are:
A. Politics is rooted in permanent and unchanging human nature which is basically self centred, self-regarding and self-interested
B. Politics is an autonomous sphere of action and cannot therefore be reduced to morals
C. International Politics is an arena of conflicting self-interests
D. The ethics of international relations is situational ethics which is very different from private morality
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Who among the following political thinkers consider the anarchical self help system to be a compelling factor for States to maximise their relative power positions?