Besides spreading Malaria, Anopheles mosquito’s are also vectors of
Encephalitis and Filariasis
Encephalitis and filariasis — option 3, as recorded in the Commission’s key.
The three genera of mosquito and what each carries. This table is the whole of the topic, and it is worth memorising as a block :
| Mosquito | Diseases carried | How to recognise it |
|---|---|---|
| Anopheles | Malaria; also filariasis in some regions, and encephalitis | Rests with body at an angle to the surface; bites at night; breeds in clean, still water |
| Aedes | Dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, Zika | Black with white stripes — the “tiger mosquito”; bites by day; breeds in clean stored water in and around houses |
| Culex | Japanese encephalitis, filariasis, West Nile fever | Rests parallel to the surface; breeds in dirty and polluted water |
Why option 1 must be wrong. Every option pairs two diseases, and dengue appears in two of them. Dengue is carried by Aedes aegypti and by no Anopheles at all, so options 1 and 2 fall together on that single fact. That leaves only option 3 among the substantive answers — which is how the question is meant to be solved.
A note of care. Strictly, filariasis in India is transmitted chiefly by Culex quinquefasciatus, and Japanese encephalitis by Culex species breeding in paddy fields, though Anopheles species are established vectors of lymphatic filariasis in parts of Africa and the Pacific and have been implicated in some arboviral transmission. The pairing in the key follows the broader textbook statement rather than the Indian epidemiology, and it is worth knowing both.
Why it matters in Bihar. The state has a heavy burden of all three — malaria, lymphatic filariasis, and Japanese encephalitis in the districts of north Bihar — and mass drug administration against filariasis is an annual public-health exercise there.
Hence, the answer is Encephalitis and Filariasis.
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