Reasoning (R) : These needs may be motivators in backward countries but in a developed country, these needs are supposed to be satisfied, hence, they may not be considered motivators.
Assertion (A) Analysis: Physiological Needs & Social Environment
Assertion (A) states that physiological needs, while essential for life, are determined by the social environment. Physiological needs (like hunger, thirst, sleep) are fundamental biological requirements. However, how these needs are expressed, satisfied, and prioritized is significantly shaped by the social and cultural context. For instance, dietary customs dictate food choices, and housing norms influence shelter requirements. Therefore, the social environment plays a crucial role in determining the specific manifestations and fulfillment methods of these basic needs. Assertion (A) is considered correct within this context.
Reasoning (R) Analysis: Motivation & Development Levels
Reasoning (R) suggests that the motivational power of physiological needs varies depending on the country's development level. In societies facing scarcity ('backward countries'), unmet physiological needs are strong motivators. Conversely, in developed nations where these needs are generally presumed to be met, they may not act as primary motivators, with higher-level needs (like social or esteem needs) becoming more prominent. This aligns with motivational theories, such as Maslow's hierarchy. Reasoning (R) is correct.
Explanation Link: R Explains A
Reasoning (R) provides a valid explanation for Assertion (A). If the social environment determines physiological needs (A), then the varying levels of societal development and the subsequent satisfaction of these needs (as described in R) explain *how* and *to what extent* these needs act as motivators in different contexts. The difference in motivational impact highlighted in (R) is a direct consequence of how the social environment influences the satisfaction and prioritization of physiological needs as stated in (A).
Conclusion
Both Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R) are correct statements. Furthermore, Reasoning (R) correctly explains the mechanism behind Assertion (A) by detailing how the socio-economic context influences the motivational role of physiological needs.
Important Questions from Motivation and leadership: Concept and theories
Which among the following is not a characteristic of transactional leaders?
Match List-I with List-II:
List-I
(Objectives of business firms)
List-II
(Hypothesis)
a) Maximization of firms' growth rate i) Baumol's hypothesis b) Managerial utility function ii) Marris hypothesis c) Satisfying behaviour iii) Williamson hypothesis d) Sales Maximization iv) Cyert-March hypothesis Choose the correct option from those given below:
Miller-Orr model is used in the management of
Promoting team spirit, harmony and unity within the organization is the principle of
'Motivation-force or level of efforts is not equal to satisfaction and performance' is propounded by
