Classical Languages in India: Status as of May 2020

The Government of India provides the status of 'Classical Language' to certain languages based on specific criteria. This status recognizes the rich heritage and independent nature of a language's history, literature, and tradition. Let's look at which languages have received this prestigious status in India.

Criteria for Classical Language Status in India

While the exact criteria might be subject to detailed academic debate, some general guidelines considered for granting classical language status include:

• High antiquity of its early texts/recorded history over a period of 1500-2000 years.
• A body of ancient literature/texts, which is considered a valuable heritage by generations of speakers.
• The literary tradition being original and not borrowed from another speech community.
• The classical language and literature being distinct from modern, there may also be a discontinuity between the classical language and its later forms or branches.

Languages with Classical Status

As on 31st May 2020, several Indian languages had been granted the status of Classical Language by the Government of India. These languages are recognized for their long history, rich literature, and significant contribution to India's cultural heritage.

The languages that have been accorded this status are:

• Tamil
• Sanskrit
• Kannada
• Telugu
• Malayalam
• Odia

Counting the Classical Languages

Let's count the languages listed above:

1. Tamil
2. Sanskrit
3. Kannada
4. Telugu
5. Malayalam
6. Odia

Counting these languages, we find there are 6 languages that had received the status of Classical Language as on 31st May 2020.

Based on the declarations made up to May 31st, 2020, the total number of languages enjoying the status of classical language in India was indeed 6.

Revision Table: Classical Languages

Additional Information: Significance of Classical Status

Granting classical language status comes with certain benefits from the government. These benefits can include financial assistance for setting up centres for the study of the language, promotion of research, international awards for scholars of the language, and other measures aimed at preserving and promoting the language and its literature. This status helps in highlighting the historical and cultural significance of these languages and encourages their study and development for future generations.