Among the following cities, which one lies on a longitude closest to that of Delhi?
Bengaluru
Understanding Latitude and Longitude
To answer this question, we need to understand what longitude is and how it is used to locate places on the Earth's surface. Longitude lines, also called meridians, are imaginary lines that run from the North Pole to the South Pole. They measure the angular distance, in degrees, east or west of the Prime Meridian (which passes through Greenwich, London).
The question asks which of the given cities has a longitude closest to that of Delhi. This means we need to find the approximate longitudes of Delhi and the four options and then compare them to find the smallest difference.
Approximate Longitudes of Indian Cities
Here are the approximate longitudes for Delhi and the cities provided in the options:
| City | Approximate Longitude |
|---|---|
| Delhi | $77.2^\circ$ E |
| Bengaluru | $77.6^\circ$ E |
| Hyderabad | $78.5^\circ$ E |
| Nagpur | $79.1^\circ$ E |
| Pune | $73.9^\circ$ E |
Comparing Longitudes with Delhi
Now, let's calculate the absolute difference between the longitude of Delhi ($77.2^\circ$ E) and the longitude of each of the other cities:
- Bengaluru: The difference is $|77.6^\circ - 77.2^\circ| = 0.4^\circ$.
- Hyderabad: The difference is $|78.5^\circ - 77.2^\circ| = 1.3^\circ$.
- Nagpur: The difference is $|79.1^\circ - 77.2^\circ| = 1.9^\circ$.
- Pune: The difference is $|73.9^\circ - 77.2^\circ| = |-3.3^\circ| = 3.3^\circ$.
Finding the Closest Longitude to Delhi
Let's compare the differences we calculated:
- Bengaluru: $0.4^\circ$
- Hyderabad: $1.3^\circ$
- Nagpur: $1.9^\circ$
- Pune: $3.3^\circ$
The smallest difference in longitude is $0.4^\circ$, which is the difference between Delhi's longitude and Bengaluru's longitude.
Therefore, among the given options, Bengaluru lies on a longitude closest to that of Delhi.
Revision Table: Longitude Comparison
| City | Approximate Longitude | Difference from Delhi ($77.2^\circ$ E) | Closeness |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delhi | $77.2^\circ$ E | $0^\circ$ | Reference |
| Bengaluru | $77.6^\circ$ E | $0.4^\circ$ | Closest |
| Hyderabad | $78.5^\circ$ E | $1.3^\circ$ | Further |
| Nagpur | $79.1^\circ$ E | $1.9^\circ$ | Further |
| Pune | $73.9^\circ$ E | $3.3^\circ$ | Farthest |
Additional Information on Longitude and Latitude
Understanding longitude and latitude is fundamental to geography. They form a coordinate system used to pinpoint any location on Earth.
- Longitude: Measures east-west position. Lines run pole to pole. The Prime Meridian is $0^\circ$ longitude. Values range from $0^\circ$ to $180^\circ$ East and $0^\circ$ to $180^\circ$ West.
- Latitude: Measures north-south position. Lines run parallel to the equator. The Equator is $0^\circ$ latitude. The North Pole is $90^\circ$ N and the South Pole is $90^\circ$ S. Values range from $0^\circ$ to $90^\circ$ North and $0^\circ$ to $90^\circ$ South.
- A location is specified by its latitude and longitude coordinates (e.g., Delhi is approximately $28.6^\circ$ N, $77.2^\circ$ E).
- Longitude is related to local time. Places on the same longitude experience sunrise and sunset at roughly the same time. For every $15^\circ$ change in longitude, there is approximately a 1-hour difference in local time.
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