A smart city integrates all modes of transport, uses clean energy and promotes sustainable use of resources. It also uses technology to ensure safety and security of the city, something which critics argue, will lead to a surveillance state.
Which of the following can be logically inferred from the above paragraph?
(i) All smart cities encourage the formation of surveillance states.
(ii) Surveillance is an integral part of a smart city.
(iii) Sustainability and surveillance go hand in hand in a smart city.
(iv) There is a perception that smart cities promote surveillance.
Logical Inference on Smart City Surveillance
The question requires identifying statements that can be logically deduced from the provided paragraph about smart cities.
Analyzing Statement (i): All smart cities encourage the formation of surveillance states.
The paragraph mentions that "critics argue" technology used for safety and security "will lead to a surveillance state." This identifies a criticism and a potential outcome, not a universal intent or encouragement ("All smart cities encourage"). Therefore, statement (i) cannot be logically inferred.
Analyzing Statement (ii): Surveillance is an integral part of a smart city.
The text links technology for safety/security to the *criticism* of surveillance. It does not state that surveillance itself is an inherent, essential component ("integral part") of every smart city's design or function.
Analyzing Statement (iii): Sustainability and surveillance go hand in hand in a smart city.
While the paragraph mentions both sustainability and technology for safety (linked to surveillance concerns), it does not establish a direct, inseparable relationship ("go hand in hand") between these two aspects. The connection is indirect and arises from specific technological implementations.
Analyzing Statement (iv): There is a perception that smart cities promote surveillance.
The paragraph explicitly states "...something which critics argue, will lead to a surveillance state." The phrase "critics argue" directly indicates that there is a viewpoint or perception among critics that smart cities foster surveillance. This statement is directly supported by the text.
Conclusion
Based on the analysis, only statement (iv) is a logical inference from the given paragraph.
Important Questions from Inference
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Which of the following options is the closest in meaning to the sentence below?
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Which one of the following is the best inference from the above advertisement?
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Which one of the following inferences may be drawn with the greatest accuracy from the above passage?
