A child gets scared just on seeing a doctor because it is related to the doctor giving him an injection needle in his previous time. This is an example of:
Classical conditioning
The child's fear response to the sight of a doctor, formed by pairing a neutral stimulus (doctor) with a painful one (injection), is a textbook case of classical conditioning as described by Pavlov. The child has learnt to associate the doctor with pain even without a needle being present.
"Give me a dozen of healthy children. I can make them doctors, judges, teachers, beggars and even thieves."
The following two are the major contributions of Thorndike's doctrine in the field of Psychology.
A. Associative shifting
B. Law of similarity
C. Law of effect
D. Extinction
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Classical conditioning is faster when UCS is presented immediately after CS rather than before.
Reason (R): According to cognitive perspective, classical conditioning occurs because CS provides expectancy about the coming of UCS.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: