Understanding the Indian National Congress Flag and the Charkha

The question asks about the specific year the Indian National Congress adopted a version of its tricolour flag featuring the 'charkha' (spinning wheel) at its centre. The evolution of the Indian national flag is a significant part of India's modern history and the struggle for independence.

Different designs were proposed and used over the years by the Indian National Congress. The inclusion of symbols like the 'charkha' held deep meaning, often representing self-reliance and the Swadeshi movement championed by Mahatma Gandhi.

Historical records show that the Indian National Congress officially adopted a tricolour flag with the 'charkha' positioned in the middle during its session in 1931. This design was proposed by Pingali Venkayya and had saffron, white, and green stripes. The white stripe contained the 'charkha'.

Let's consider the options provided:

• 1929: While important events happened for the Congress in 1929 (like the Purna Swaraj resolution), the flag with the charkha at the center was not officially adopted in this year.
• 1931: This year marks the adoption of the tricolour flag with the charkha prominently placed in the centre. This design became the symbol of the national movement.
• 1938: The flag design remained largely consistent after 1931 until modifications were made later towards independence.
• 1926: Earlier versions of flags were discussed, but the specific tricolour with the charkha at the center wasn't adopted in 1926.

Therefore, the correct year when the Indian National Congress adopted the tricolour flag with the 'charkha' at the centre was 1931.

Revision Table: Key Dates in Indian Flag History

Additional Information on the Charkha Symbol

The 'charkha', or spinning wheel, was more than just a symbol on the Indian National Congress flag; it was central to Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy and the freedom movement. Its significance includes:

• Symbol of Self-Reliance (Swaraj): Spinning Khadi (handspun cloth) allowed Indians to boycott foreign textiles and support local industries.
• Promotion of Village Industries: It encouraged economic activity at the grassroots level.
• Unity and Equality: The act of spinning was something everyone, rich or poor, could do, promoting a sense of shared purpose.
• Simple Living: It represented Gandhi's emphasis on simple living and self-sufficiency.

The inclusion of the 'charkha' in the Congress flag, especially the version adopted in 1931, powerfully communicated these ideals to the masses and became an iconic image of the struggle for India's independence.