Teachers' Day is observed across India every year on September 5, giving students a chance to honour their teachers and mentors for their contributions. Schools and colleges mark the occasion with cultural events, speeches, competitions, cards and gift-giving, among other activities. The date carries historical significance, as it is linked to Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, regarded as one of India's greatest philosophers, scholars and statesmen, who was born on September 5, 1888.
India celebrates Teachers' Day on September 5 in honour of Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan's birthday. According to the story behind the date, when his students and friends insisted on celebrating his birthday, he suggested that instead of marking it as his own birthday, the day be observed as Teachers' Day. This made the observance more meaningful and gave recognition to educators as a whole.
Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was born on September 5, 1888, in Tiruttani, in the erstwhile Madras Presidency. He graduated from Madras Christian College and went on to become a philosophy professor at renowned institutions such as the University of Mysore and the University of Calcutta. Through his scholarly work, particularly in philosophy and comparative religion, he played an important role in introducing Indian philosophical traditions to the West, and later held the post of Spalding Professor of Eastern Religions and Ethics at the University of Oxford. For Radhakrishnan, education was not just about knowledge; it also involved reason, character and responsible citizenship.
Although best known for his work in education and philosophy, Radhakrishnan also held two of India's highest constitutional positions. He served as India's first Vice-President from 1952 to 1962, and then became the country's second President in 1962, serving till 1967. His move from a career in academia into politics was rooted in his broader belief that education was key to nation-building.