Understanding the Mammal and Reptile Analogy

The question presents an analogy: Mammal : Man :: Reptile : ?. We need to understand the relationship between the first pair of words (Mammal and Man) and apply the same relationship to the second pair, finding the missing word that relates to Reptile.

Analyzing the First Pair: Mammal : Man

In the pair "Mammal : Man", Man is a specific example of a Mammal. Mammal is a class of animals, and Man belongs to that class. The relationship is Class : Member or Category : Example.

Applying the Logic to the Second Pair: Reptile : ?

Using the same logic (Class : Member), we need to find a word that is a specific example of a Reptile from the given options. Reptile is a class of animals, and we are looking for an animal that belongs to this class.

Evaluating the Options

Let's examine each option to see which one fits the category of Reptile:

• Butterfly: A butterfly is an insect. Insects are different from reptiles.
• Lizard: A lizard is a cold-blooded vertebrate animal of the class Reptilia. This fits the category of Reptile.
• Rat: A rat is a mammal. Mammals are different from reptiles.
• Whale: A whale is a mammal. Mammals are different from reptiles.

Identifying the Correct Missing Word

Based on the analysis, the word that fits the category of Reptile is Lizard. Therefore, the analogy holds: Mammal : Man :: Reptile : Lizard.

The completed analogy is Mammal : Man :: Reptile : Lizard.

Final Answer Derivation

Following the established relationship from the first pair (Mammal is the class, Man is a member), we apply the same logic to the second pair. Reptile is the class, and we look for a member of the Reptile class among the options. The option "Lizard" is a member of the Reptile class.

Revision Table: Key Concepts

Additional Information: Types of Analogies & Animal Classification

Verbal analogies test your ability to identify relationships between words. Common types of relationships include:

• Part : Whole (e.g., Finger : Hand)
• Cause : Effect (e.g., Rain : Flood)
• Synonyms (e.g., Happy : Joyful)
• Antonyms (e.g., Hot : Cold)
• Worker : Tool (e.g., Carpenter : Hammer)
• Class : Member (as seen in this question)

Understanding basic animal classification is helpful for this specific analogy question. Animals are grouped into classes based on shared characteristics. Mammals, Reptiles, Birds, Fish, and Amphibians are examples of vertebrate animal classes.

Mammals typically have fur or hair, are warm-blooded, and feed their young with milk.

Reptiles are typically cold-blooded, have scales, and often lay eggs (though some give birth to live young).

Recognizing these classifications helps in solving analogies based on biological relationships.